Carvalho Flávia Lopes, Aires Diana Leite Sousa, Segunda Zeyle Fernandes, Azevedo Conceição Maria Pedrozo e Silva de, Corrêa Rita da Graça Carvalhal Frazão, de Aquino Dorlene Maria Cardoso, Caldas Arlene de Jesus Mendes
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Materno Infantil, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, 65020-660.
Cien Saude Colet. 2013 May;18(5):1305-12.
AIDS is a public health problem and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most frequent co-infection. This study seeks to describe the epidemiological aspects of HIV-positive individuals and to investigate the occurrence of HIV-Leishmania co-infection. It is a descriptive study with 287 HIV=positive individuals assisted at the reference center for HIV/AIDS in São Luís, MA. Montenegro's intradermal reaction and bone marrow aspiration were performed for detecting the Leishmania sp. infection. Epidemiological data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The chi-square test was used for gender differences, with p < 0.05 of statistical significance level. There was statistical significance among men regarding the use of septic tanks, and income of up to two salaries. Regarding exposure, heterosexual orientation was the most frequent category for both genders, and we observed an increase in this category among women. Among HIV-positive individuals, 4.2% had suggestive symptoms of VL with identification of Leishmania amastigotes in bone marrow aspirate (myelogram). The profile of HIV-positive individuals did not differ from what is commonly found in Brazil, with predominance of young people of productive age. Furthermore, a superposition of the transmission areas for HIV-LV co-infection was found.
艾滋病是一个公共卫生问题，内脏利什曼病（VL）是最常见的合并感染。本研究旨在描述HIV阳性个体的流行病学特征，并调查HIV-利什曼原虫合并感染的发生情况。这是一项描述性研究，对在马塞约州圣路易斯市的HIV/AIDS参考中心接受治疗的287名HIV阳性个体进行了研究。采用 Montenegro 皮内反应和骨髓穿刺术检测利什曼原虫感染。通过问卷调查收集流行病学数据。采用卡方检验分析性别差异，统计学显著性水平为p < 0.05。在男性中，使用化粪池和收入高达两份工资之间存在统计学显著性。关于暴露情况，异性恋取向是两性中最常见的类别，并且我们观察到女性中这一类别有所增加。在HIV阳性个体中，4.2%有VL的提示性症状，骨髓穿刺涂片（骨髓象）中发现利什曼无鞭毛体。HIV阳性个体的特征与巴西常见情况无异，以生产年龄的年轻人为主。此外，还发现了HIV-LV合并感染传播区域的重叠。
