Institute of Bacteriology, Mycology and Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2013 Oct;68(10):2222-5. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkt186. Epub 2013 May 14.
A recently identified mecA homologue, mecC, in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been isolated from humans and different animal hosts. The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial resistance and provide molecular characterization of MRSA and methicillin-resistant non-Staphylococcus aureus staphylococci (MRnSA) isolated from wildlife that carried the gene mecC.
Five S. aureus and one coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolate displaying phenotypic oxacillin resistance, but not recognized with conventional PCR for mecA, were further characterized by a polyphasic approach. The presence of mecC in all isolates was determined using specific PCR. PCR targeting Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) genes of MRSA was performed. MRSA isolates were genotyped by spa typing and multilocus sequence typing. All isolates were genotyped by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. 16S rDNA sequence analysis for MRnSA identification was performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for all isolates.
All five MRSA isolates contained the mecC gene, were PVL negative, carried SCCmec type XI and belonged to ST130 (where ST stands for sequence type), with spa types t843, t10513 or t3256, or to ST2620, with spa type t4335. The MRnSA isolate, most closely related to Staphylococcus stepanovicii, carried mecA and blaZ genes related to SCCmec XI. MRSA isolates exhibited resistance to the β-lactams only.
The MRSA isolates described in this study represent the first detection of mecC-positive MRSA in a European otter (Lutra lutra) and a European brown hare (Lepus europaeus). The MRnSA isolate represents the first isolation of MRnSA from a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx).
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）中最近鉴定出的 mecA 同源物 mecC 已从人和不同动物宿主中分离出来。本研究旨在确定抗微生物药物耐药性，并对从携带 mecC 基因的野生动物中分离出的 MRSA 和耐甲氧西林非金黄色葡萄球菌（MRnSA）进行分子特征分析。
5 株金黄色葡萄球菌和 1 株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌分离株表现出表型耐苯唑西林，但不能用常规 mecA PCR 识别，进一步通过多相方法进行了特征分析。使用特异性 PCR 确定所有分离株中 mecC 的存在。对 MRSA 的 Panton-Valentine 白细胞毒素（PVL）基因进行 PCR 靶向检测。对 MRSA 分离株进行 spa 分型和多位点序列分型。所有分离株均通过葡萄球菌盒式染色体 mec（SCCmec）分型进行基因分型。对 MRnSA 进行 16S rDNA 序列分析以确定其身份。对所有分离株进行抗微生物药物敏感性测试。
所有 5 株 MRSA 分离株均含有 mecC 基因，均为 PVL 阴性，携带 SCCmec 类型 XI，属于 ST130（其中 ST 代表序列类型），spa 型分别为 t843、t10513 或 t3256，或 ST2620，spa 型为 t4335。与 Staphylococcus stepanovicii 关系最密切的 MRnSA 分离株携带 mecA 和 blaZ 基因，与 SCCmec XI 有关。MRSA 分离株仅对β-内酰胺类药物表现出耐药性。
本研究中描述的 MRSA 分离株代表了欧洲水獭（Lutra lutra）和欧洲野兔（Lepus europaeus）中首次检测到 mecC 阳性的 MRSA。MRnSA 分离株代表了从欧亚猞猁（Lynx lynx）中首次分离出的 MRnSA。
