Abdank Lisa, Loncaric Igor, Braun Sascha D, Müller Elke, Monecke Stefan, Ehricht Ralf, Krametter-Frötscher Reinhild
Clinical Centre for Ruminant and Camelid Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Nov 25;14(23):3383. doi: 10.3390/ani14233383.
In the field of cattle medicine in Austria, to date, few studies have investigated the presence of methicillin-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing in Austria. For this reason, milk and nasal samples were examined for the presence of methicillin-resistant as well as fecal samples for extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant . The nasal and fecal swabs were collected during the veterinary treatment of calf pneumonia and calf diarrhea. For the milk samples, the first milk jets were milked into a pre-milking cup and then the teats were cleaned and disinfected before the samples were taken. The cows were selected during the veterinary visits to the farms when treatment was necessary due to mastitis. Depending on the severity of the mastitis (acute mastitis or subclinical mastitis), antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were given immediately (acute disease) or after completion of the antibiogram (subclinical disease). Isolates were characterized by a polyphasic approach including susceptibility pheno- and genotyping and microarray-based assays. No methicillin-resistant was found in the milk samples, but one nasal swab was positive for methicillin-resistant . Twenty-two isolates were detected among the fecal samples. All the isolates were resistant to ceftazidime. In all the isolates, genes from the family were detected with other genes or alone; the most frequently observed β-lactamase gene was (n = 20). In total, 63.6% (n = 14) of the isolates exhibited a multidrug-resistant phenotype and one isolate (4.5%) harbored the AmpC gene. Precisely because the presence of data regarding extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant and methicillin-resistant in calves and cows in Austria is rare, this study further expands our understanding of antimicrobial resistance in Austrian cattle, which is highly relevant for successful antibiotic therapy in sick cattle.
在奥地利的牛医学领域，迄今为止，很少有研究调查奥地利耐甲氧西林和产超广谱β-内酰胺酶的情况。因此，对牛奶和鼻拭子样本进行了耐甲氧西林检测，对粪便样本进行了耐超广谱头孢菌素检测。鼻拭子和粪便样本是在小牛肺炎和小牛腹泻的兽医治疗过程中采集的。对于牛奶样本，最初的乳汁喷入挤奶前的杯子中，然后在采集样本前对乳头进行清洁和消毒。这些奶牛是在兽医到农场出诊时，因乳腺炎需要治疗而被挑选出来的。根据乳腺炎的严重程度（急性乳腺炎或亚临床乳腺炎），立即（急性疾病）或在完成药敏试验后（亚临床疾病）给予抗生素和非甾体抗炎药。分离株通过多相方法进行鉴定，包括药敏表型和基因分型以及基于微阵列的检测。牛奶样本中未发现耐甲氧西林的情况，但一份鼻拭子耐甲氧西林呈阳性。在粪便样本中检测到22株[此处原文缺失相关菌名]分离株。所有[此处原文缺失相关菌名]分离株对头孢他啶耐药。在所有[此处原文缺失相关菌名]分离株中，检测到来自[此处原文缺失相关菌名]家族的基因与其他[此处原文缺失相关菌名]基因一起或单独存在；最常观察到的β-内酰胺酶基因是[此处原文缺失相关菌名]（n = 20）。总体而言，63.6%（n = 14）的分离株表现出多重耐药表型，一株[此处原文缺失相关菌名]分离株（4.5%）携带AmpC基因。正是因为奥地利小牛和奶牛中耐超广谱头孢菌素和耐甲氧西林的数据很少见，这项研究进一步扩展了我们对奥地利牛群抗菌药物耐药性的认识，这对于患病牛的成功抗生素治疗高度相关。
