Aremu S K, Alabi B S, Segun-Busari S, Omotoso W
University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Int J Biomed Sci. 2011 Sep;7(3):218-21.
Ear, Nose and throat (ENT) injuries are relatively common in children. Sometimes they may result in disfigurement or dysfunction of the affected parts. This study was aimed at the pattern and mechanisms of ENT injuries encountered by children in Ilorin located in north central Nigeria. It is therefore our hope that the information will go a long way to assist other African countries as well in health care plans for children.
The study was aimed at determining the pattern and causes of ENT injuries in children in Ilorin.
This was a descriptive cross sectional, prospective study of all pediatrics patients aged 15 years and below who were managed between January 2005 and December 2009 (a period of 5 years) for ENT trauma in the accident & emergency unit, wards and clinics of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. Most of them were treated as out-patients; a few of them needed admission for some procedures. Patients with injuries to other areas than ENT were not included in this study. The data that were analyzed included the age, sex, presenting complaints, duration of symptoms prior to presentation, diagnoses, treatments and complications.
Two hundred and seventy-one children were studied, of which 168 (62.0%) were males and 103 (38.0%) were females. Most of the children, 97 (35.8%), were between age group of 6-10 years, 81 (29.9%) aged 5 years and below, while the rest were 11-15 years of age. Injuries due to foreign bodies in Ear, Nose and Throat accounted for 80 (29.5%) of the causes. Falls accounted for 60 (24.4%) of cases while Road Traffic Injuries (RTI), 42 (15.5%) of cases. Bleeding was the commonest presenting symptom. Most of the children, 97 (35.8%) presented within 1 hour of injury while the least, 45 (16.6%), presented more than 8 hours after the injury. 132 (48.7%) had injuries in the Ear, 117 (43.2%) in the Nose and 22 (8.1%) in the Throat.
ENT injuries in pediatrics are relatively common in our environment with injuries from FB insertion/ingestion being the commonest. This is closely followed by falls. Several disabilities and morbidity may result from the trauma like anosmia, facial palsy and permanently depressed nose. These have impact on psychology of the child. For these reason close monitoring of children by parents and care-givers cannot be overemphasized. Also these injuries are avoidable causes of death and disability in children.
耳鼻喉（ENT）损伤在儿童中相对常见。有时它们可能导致受影响部位的毁容或功能障碍。本研究旨在探讨尼日利亚中北部伊洛林市儿童耳鼻喉损伤的模式和机制。因此，我们希望这些信息将大大有助于其他非洲国家制定儿童医疗保健计划。
本研究旨在确定伊洛林市儿童耳鼻喉损伤的模式和原因。
这是一项描述性横断面前瞻性研究，研究对象为2005年1月至2009年12月（为期5年）在伊洛林大学教学医院急诊科、病房和诊所接受耳鼻喉创伤治疗的所有15岁及以下儿科患者。他们大多数作为门诊患者接受治疗；少数患者因某些手术需要住院。本研究不包括耳鼻喉以外其他部位受伤的患者。分析的数据包括年龄、性别、主诉、就诊前症状持续时间、诊断、治疗和并发症。
共研究了271名儿童，其中168名（62.0%）为男性，103名（38.0%）为女性。大多数儿童，97名（35.8%），年龄在6 - 10岁之间，81名（29.9%）年龄在5岁及以下，其余为11 - 15岁。耳鼻喉异物导致的损伤占病因的80例（29.5%）。跌倒占60例（24.4%），道路交通伤（RTI）占42例（15.5%）。出血是最常见的就诊症状。大多数儿童，97名（35.8%）在受伤后1小时内就诊，最少的，45名（16.6%）在受伤8小时后就诊。132例（48.7%）耳部受伤，117例（43.2%）鼻部受伤，22例（8.1%）喉部受伤。
在我们的环境中，儿科耳鼻喉损伤相对常见，异物插入/摄入导致的损伤最为常见。其次是跌倒。创伤可能导致多种残疾和发病情况，如嗅觉丧失、面瘫和鼻梁永久性凹陷。这些对儿童心理有影响。因此，家长和照顾者对儿童的密切监测再怎么强调也不为过。此外，这些损伤是儿童死亡和残疾的可避免原因。
