Cesir Alem, Licanin Ifeta, Fisekovic Saida
Psychiatric Clinic, Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Mater Sociomed. 2012;24(3):186-9. doi: 10.5455/msm.2012.24.186-189.
Numerous epidemiological international studies as well as knowledge based on clinical experience show high prevalence and the importance of the psychiatric comorbidity with depressive and anxiety disorders.
The aim of this study is to analyze prevalence of comorbid anxiety disorders and depression in subjects at the Day Hospital of the Psychiatric Clinic, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University (CCUS) and examine the demographic profile of the patients.
Study involved 230 randomly selected patients (aged between 18 and 65 years, N=230, who were hospitalized at the Day Hospital of the Psychiatric Clinic of Clinical center of University of Sarajevo from January 1(st) to December 31(st) 2011) and who were interviewed by the Structural Clinical Interview (SCID) which generated ICD-X diagnoses and assessment of the comorbidity. Depressive symptoms were assessed by Beck's Depression Inventory with 28 items. Anxiety symptoms were assessed with Beck's Anxiety Inventory scale with 21 items. Study is retrospective, clinical and epidemiological.
Of the total number of patients (230) it was determined that 107 (46.5%) have depressive episode; 71 (30.9%) anxiety disorder. Comorbidity of these two disorders was found in 14 (6.1%) cases. Anxiety disorders were more represented in women (61.2%), as well as depressive disorders and comorbidity (70.1% and 85.7%). Subjects with depression on average was 52.9±7.4 years old (range 29-64 years), patients with anxious disorders 50±9.5 years (range 22-65 years) while patients with comorbidity of these two entities was at mean age of 54.5±4.5 years. The least common category of education was retired persons and respondents with university education for all three entities. Hospitalization duration for depression, anxiety, and comorbidity of these two disorders is highest for depression (47.1±9.7 days) and shortest in case of comorbidity (45.9±6.9 days).
Depression and anxiety often coexist. When they occur in comorbidity, both anxiety and depression appear to be more severe. Severely depressed and anxious patients have reduced capacity to work and as such represents a considerable burden to the family and the community. Overview of depression, anxiety and the comorbidity of these two diagnoses (listed as primary diagnosis) in the baseline sample showed that there was most patients with depression (107 or 46.5%), followed by anxiety (71 or 30.9%) and comorbidity with 14 patients or 6.1%. Effective assessment, evaluation, diagnosis and treatment can lead to better treatment outcomes in primary care and improved quality of life.
众多国际流行病学研究以及基于临床经验的知识表明，精神疾病合并抑郁和焦虑症的患病率很高且十分重要。
本研究旨在分析萨拉热窝大学临床中心精神科日间医院患者中焦虑症和抑郁症合并症的患病率，并研究患者的人口统计学特征。
研究涉及230名随机选取的患者（年龄在18至65岁之间，N = 230），这些患者于2011年1月1日至12月31日在萨拉热窝大学临床中心精神科日间医院住院，并接受了结构化临床访谈（SCID），该访谈生成了国际疾病分类第十版（ICD-X）诊断及合并症评估。抑郁症状通过28项贝克抑郁量表进行评估。焦虑症状通过21项贝克焦虑量表进行评估。本研究为回顾性、临床及流行病学研究。
在总共230名患者中，确定有107名（46.5%）患有抑郁发作；71名（30.9%）患有焦虑症。这两种疾病的合并症在14例（6.1%）中被发现。焦虑症在女性中更为常见（61.2%），抑郁症及合并症也是如此（分别为70.1%和85.7%）。患有抑郁症的患者平均年龄为52.9±7.4岁（范围为29至64岁），患有焦虑症的患者平均年龄为50±9.5岁（范围为22至65岁），而这两种疾病合并症患者的平均年龄为54.5±4.5岁。在所有三个群体中，教育程度最低的类别是退休人员和受过大学教育的受访者。抑郁症、焦虑症以及这两种疾病合并症的住院时间中，抑郁症最长（47.1±9.7天），合并症最短（45.9±6.9天）。
抑郁症和焦虑症常同时存在。当它们合并出现时，焦虑和抑郁似乎都更为严重。严重抑郁和焦虑的患者工作能力下降，给家庭和社区带来了相当大的负担。对基线样本中抑郁症、焦虑症以及这两种诊断（列为主要诊断）的合并症概述显示，抑郁症患者最多（107名或46.5%），其次是焦虑症（71名或30.9%），合并症患者有14名或6.1%。有效的评估、评价、诊断和治疗可在初级保健中带来更好的治疗效果并改善生活质量。
