Brown Scott W
Department of Psychology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104-9300, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2014 Mar;147:92-6. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.04.005. Epub 2013 May 13.
Previous research suggests that time perception is supported by the same attentional resources involved in sequence processing. The present experiment was designed to clarify this connection by examining the relation between timing and reasoning tasks that involved either sequencing or non-sequencing judgments. For the timing task, subjects produced a series of 5-s intervals. For the reasoning tasks, subjects judged whether pairs of statements describing common actions either (a) were presented in the correct temporal order (sequencing), or (b) described similar actions or objects (similarity). Subjects performed the timing and reasoning tasks both separately and concurrently in a series of 3-minute trials. Comparisons of single-task and dual-task performance assessed interference patterns between concurrent tasks. Both reasoning tasks interfered with timing by making temporal productions longer and more variable. Timing had differential effects on the two reasoning tasks. Concurrent timing caused sequencing judgments to become slower, less accurate, and less sensitive relative to sequencing-only conditions. In contrast, similarity judgments were either unaffected or affected to a lesser degree by the concurrent timing task. These results support the notion that timing and sequencing are closely related processes that rely on the same set of cognitive resources or mechanisms.
先前的研究表明，时间感知由序列处理中涉及的相同注意力资源支持。本实验旨在通过考察计时任务与涉及序列或非序列判断的推理任务之间的关系来阐明这种联系。对于计时任务，受试者生成一系列5秒的间隔。对于推理任务，受试者判断描述常见动作的陈述对：(a) 是否按正确的时间顺序呈现（序列），或者(b) 是否描述相似的动作或物体（相似性）。受试者在一系列3分钟的试验中分别和同时执行计时和推理任务。单任务和双任务表现的比较评估了并发任务之间的干扰模式。两个推理任务都通过使时间生成更长且更具变化性来干扰计时。计时对两个推理任务有不同影响。并发计时使序列判断相对于仅进行序列判断的条件变得更慢、更不准确且更不敏感。相比之下，相似性判断要么不受并发计时任务影响，要么受到的影响较小。这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即计时和序列是密切相关的过程，依赖于同一组认知资源或机制。
