Grupo Psicosis y Neurodesarrollo, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Hospitalización de Salud Mental, Sevilla, Spain.
J Psychiatr Res. 2013 Aug;47(8):1036-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.03.003. Epub 2013 May 16.
This study aimed to explore the associations between daily cannabis use and the specific profiles of subclinical symptoms in a non-clinical population obtained through snowball sampling, taking into account alcohol use, other drug use, social exclusion and age at onset of cannabis use. We included 85 daily cannabis users and 100 non-daily cannabis users. Both the case and the control populations were identified by snowball sampling. Daily cannabis use was associated with more alcohol intake and other drug use, as well as with early onset in the use of cannabis. Daily cannabis use appeared to exert a dose-response effect on first-rank symptoms, mania symptoms and auditory hallucinations, even after adjusting for sex, age, other drug use, social exclusion and age at onset of cannabis use. The paranoid dimension was only associated with the heaviest consumption of cannabis. Initial age of cannabis use modified the effects of daily cannabis use on the first-rank and voices experiences. Daily cannabis use was associated with significantly more first-rank and voices experiences among those subjects who started to use cannabis before 17 years of age. Our study supports the association of psychotic experiences with cannabis use even among non-psychotic subjects.
本研究旨在通过滚雪球抽样，探讨非临床人群中每日使用大麻与亚临床症状特定特征之间的关联，同时考虑酒精使用、其他药物使用、社会排斥和大麻使用起始年龄。我们纳入了 85 名每日使用大麻者和 100 名非每日使用大麻者。病例组和对照组均通过滚雪球抽样确定。每日使用大麻与更多的酒精摄入和其他药物使用有关，并且与大麻使用的起始年龄较早有关。即使在调整了性别、年龄、其他药物使用、社会排斥和大麻使用起始年龄后，每日使用大麻似乎对一级症状、躁狂症状和听觉幻觉也存在剂量反应效应。偏执维度仅与大麻的重度使用有关。大麻的初始使用年龄改变了每日使用大麻对一级症状和幻听体验的影响。在 17 岁之前开始使用大麻的受试者中，每日使用大麻与更明显的一级症状和幻听体验有关。本研究支持即使在非精神病患者中，精神症状与大麻使用之间存在关联。
