James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Division of Pediatric Urology, Charlotte Bloomberg Children's Hospital, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St. Suite 7304, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Curr Urol Rep. 2013 Aug;14(4):359-65. doi: 10.1007/s11934-013-0332-y.
The exstrophy-epispadias complex is a rare congenital malformation of the genitourinary system, abdominal wall musculature, and pelvic bones. Historically, surgical outcomes in patients with classic bladder exstrophy, the most common presentation of the exstrophy-epispadias complex, were poor. However, modern techniques have increased the success of achieving urinary continence, satisfactory cosmesis, and improved quality of life. Still, recent studies recognize complications that may occur during management of these patients. This review provides readers with an overview of the exstrophy-epispadias complex, the modern management of bladder exstrophy, and potential surgical complications.
尿道上裂-外生殖器畸形复合征是一种罕见的先天泌尿生殖系统、腹壁肌肉和骨盆骨骼畸形。历史上，经典膀胱外翻（尿道上裂-外生殖器畸形复合征最常见的表现）患者的手术效果不佳。然而，现代技术已经提高了实现尿控、满意的美容效果和改善生活质量的成功率。尽管如此，最近的研究还是认识到了在这些患者的管理过程中可能出现的并发症。本综述为读者提供了尿道上裂-外生殖器畸形复合征的概述、现代膀胱外翻的管理以及潜在的手术并发症。
