Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 May;271(5):863-9. doi: 10.1007/s00405-013-2563-4. Epub 2013 May 21.
Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality among live born infants reaching up to 1 in 700 births and is characterized by a variety of dysmorphic features and medical conditions. The potential to reach their full developmental capacities can be hindered by ear, nose, and throat problems. Hence, knowledge of the various anatomic peculiarities that predispose them to various medical conditions is fundamental. The medical states resulting from these variations and suggested treatment options are reviewed. Such conditions include refractory otitis, eustachian tube dysfunction, laryngomalacia, tracheal stenosis, obstructive sleep apnea, hearing loss, and voice and articulatory impairments. This review revisits besides the otolaryngeal pathologies, special medical considerations in Down's syndrome patients that might affect surgical outcomes used in the management of the above pathologies.
唐氏综合征是活产婴儿中最常见的染色体异常，发病率高达每 700 例出生婴儿中有 1 例，其特征是存在多种畸形特征和多种医学病症。耳部、鼻部和喉部问题可能会阻碍唐氏综合征患者充分发挥其发育潜能。因此，了解使他们易患各种医学病症的各种解剖学特征至关重要。本文回顾了由此产生的各种医学病症和建议的治疗选择。这些病症包括难治性中耳炎、咽鼓管功能障碍、喉软化、气管狭窄、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、听力损失以及语音和发音障碍。除了耳鼻喉疾病之外，本文还回顾了唐氏综合征患者的特殊医学注意事项，这些注意事项可能会影响上述病理疾病管理中使用的手术结果。
