Johansen H, Solum M, Knudsen G K, Hågvar E B, Norli H R, Aak A
Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Ås, Norway.
Med Vet Entomol. 2014 Mar;28(1):26-34. doi: 10.1111/mve.12016. Epub 2013 May 22.
Volatiles from mouse carcasses in decay stages ranging from fresh to 33 days old were used to investigate oriented flight and landings in male and female blow flies of Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Oriented flight increased significantly from 36% towards fresh carcasses to 68%, 61% and 65% towards carcasses aged 3 days, 6 days and 9 days, respectively. Carcasses aged 20 days and 33 days were significantly less attractive, achieving 51% and 41% attraction, respectively. No differences emerged between the sexes in oriented flight, but a significant increase in female landings at the most attractive carcasses was observed. Headspace collections from the different stages of decay showed a succession in the volatile profile emitted from the carcasses and identified nine chemicals which peak in quantity in concurrence with the most attractive stages of decay. Three of these chemicals also showed dose-response effects as indicated by a significant correlation between the amount present and the proportion of flies responding. Blow flies are important pests and efficient traps are needed. The significant interaction between fly sex and carcass age highlights behavioural differences between male and female blow flies which can be exploited in blow fly trapping. Three new volatile chemicals, butylated hydroxyl toluene, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and nonanal, emitted from dead mice are suggested as potential attractants.
利用处于从新鲜到33日龄不同腐烂阶段的小鼠尸体挥发物，研究了红头丽蝇（Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy，双翅目：丽蝇科）雄蝇和雌蝇的定向飞行及着陆情况。朝向新鲜尸体的定向飞行比例从36%显著增加到朝向3日龄、6日龄和9日龄尸体的68%、61%和65%。20日龄和33日龄的尸体吸引力显著降低，分别达到51%和41%的吸引力。在定向飞行方面，两性之间没有差异，但观察到在最具吸引力的尸体上雌蝇着陆显著增加。对不同腐烂阶段的顶空采集显示，尸体释放的挥发物成分有先后顺序，并鉴定出9种化学物质，其含量在与最具吸引力的腐烂阶段同时达到峰值。其中三种化学物质也显示出剂量反应效应，即存在量与有反应的苍蝇比例之间存在显著相关性。丽蝇是重要害虫，需要高效的诱捕器。蝇类性别与尸体年龄之间的显著相互作用凸显了雄蝇和雌蝇之间的行为差异，这可用于丽蝇诱捕。从小鼠尸体释放的三种新的挥发性化学物质，即丁基化羟基甲苯、3-羟基-2-丁酮和壬醛，被认为是潜在的引诱剂。
