Bloomer Melissa J, Al-Mutair Abbas
Monash University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, PO Box 527, Frankston VIC 3199, Australia.
Aust Crit Care. 2013 Nov;26(4):193-6. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2013.04.003. Epub 2013 May 18.
Australia is a diverse and multicultural nation, made up of a population with a predominant Christian faith. Islam, the second largest religion in the world, has demonstrated significant growth in Australia in the last decade. Coming from various countries of origin and cultural backgrounds, Muslim beliefs can range from what is considered 'traditional' to very 'liberal'. It is neither possible nor practical for every intensive care clinician to have an intimate understanding of Islam and Muslim practices, and cultural variations amongst Muslims will mean that not all beliefs/practices will be applicable to all Muslims. However, being open and flexible in the way that care is provided and respectful of the needs of Muslim patients and their families is essential to providing culturally sensitive care. This discussion paper aims to describe the Islamic faith in terms of Islamic teachings, beliefs and common practices, considering how this impacts upon the perception of illness, the family unit and how it functions, decision-making and care preferences, particularly at the end of life in the intensive care unit.
澳大利亚是一个多元文化的国家，其人口主要信仰基督教。伊斯兰教是世界第二大宗教，在过去十年里在澳大利亚有显著增长。穆斯林来自不同的原籍国和文化背景，其信仰范围从被认为“传统”到非常“自由”。让每位重症监护临床医生深入了解伊斯兰教、穆斯林习俗以及穆斯林之间的文化差异是不可能也不现实的，这意味着并非所有信仰/习俗都适用于所有穆斯林。然而，在提供护理时保持开放和灵活的态度，并尊重穆斯林患者及其家人的需求，对于提供具有文化敏感性的护理至关重要。本讨论文件旨在从伊斯兰教教义、信仰和常见习俗方面描述伊斯兰教，探讨其如何影响对疾病的认知、家庭单位及其运作方式、决策制定和护理偏好，尤其是在重症监护病房的临终阶段。
