Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Ophthalmology. 2013 Oct;120(10):2117-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.03.001. Epub 2013 May 19.
To determine the age- and race-specific prevalence of amblyopia in Asian and non-Hispanic white children aged 30 to 72 months and of strabismus in children aged 6 to 72 months.
Cross-sectional survey.
A population-based, multiethnic sample of children aged 6 to 72 months was identified in Los Angeles and Riverside counties in California to evaluate the prevalence of ocular conditions.
A comprehensive eye examination and in-clinic interview were conducted with 80% of eligible children. The examination included evaluation of ocular alignment, refractive error, and ocular structures in children aged 6 to 72 months, as well as a determination of optotype visual acuity (VA) in children aged 30 to 72 months.
The proportion of 6- to 72-month-old participants with strabismus and 30- to 72-month-olds with optotype VA deficits and amblyopia risk factors consistent with study definitions of amblyopia.
Strabismus was found in 3.55% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.68-4.60) of Asian children and 3.24% (95% CI, 2.40-4.26) of non-Hispanic white children, with a higher prevalence with each subsequent older age category from 6 to 72 months in both racial/ethnic groups (P=0.0003 and 0.02, respectively). Amblyopia was detected in 1.81% (95% CI, 1.06-2.89) of Asian and non-Hispanic white children; the prevalence of amblyopia was higher for each subsequent older age category among non-Hispanic white children (P=0.01) but showed no significant trend among Asian children (P=0.30).
The prevalence of strabismus was similar in Asian and non-Hispanic white children and was found to be higher among older children from 6 to 72 months. The prevalence of amblyopia was the same in Asian and non-Hispanic white children; prevalence seemed to be higher among older non-Hispanic white children but was relatively stable by age in Asian children. These findings may help clinicians to better understand the patterns of strabismus and amblyopia and potentially inform planning for preschool vision screening programs.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
确定 30 至 72 个月龄的亚洲和非西班牙裔白种儿童弱视以及 6 至 72 个月龄儿童斜视的年龄和种族特异性患病率。
横断面调查。
在加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县和河滨县确定了一个基于人群的多民族 6 至 72 个月龄儿童样本，以评估眼部疾病的患病率。
对 80%符合条件的儿童进行了全面的眼部检查和门诊访谈。检查包括评估 6 至 72 个月龄儿童的眼位、屈光不正和眼部结构，以及评估 30 至 72 个月龄儿童的视力表视力（VA）。
6 至 72 个月龄参与者中斜视的比例，以及 30 至 72 个月龄儿童中符合研究弱视定义的视敏度缺陷和弱视危险因素的比例。
亚洲儿童中斜视的检出率为 3.55%（95%置信区间[CI]，2.68%至 4.60%），非西班牙裔白种儿童中斜视的检出率为 3.24%（95%CI，2.40%至 4.26%），在这两个种族/民族群体中，随着年龄从 6 个月至 72 个月的增加，斜视的患病率均较高（分别为 P=0.0003 和 0.02）。亚洲和非西班牙裔白种儿童中弱视的检出率分别为 1.81%（95%CI，1.06%至 2.89%）；在非西班牙裔白种儿童中，随着年龄的增加，弱视的患病率也呈上升趋势（P=0.01），但在亚洲儿童中则没有明显的趋势（P=0.30）。
亚洲和非西班牙裔白种儿童的斜视患病率相似，且在 6 至 72 个月的大龄儿童中患病率更高。亚洲和非西班牙裔白种儿童的弱视患病率相同；在大龄非西班牙裔白种儿童中，弱视的患病率似乎更高，但在亚洲儿童中，患病率随年龄的增长相对稳定。这些发现可能有助于临床医生更好地了解斜视和弱视的模式，并为学前视力筛查计划提供信息。
作者没有与本文讨论的材料有关的专有或商业利益。
