Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S975, Paris, France.
FASEB J. 2013 Sep;27(9):3414-23. doi: 10.1096/fj.12-220418. Epub 2013 May 22.
Parkinson disease (PD) is a degenerative brain disorder characterized by motor symptoms that are unequivocally associated with the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Although our knowledge of the mechanisms that contribute to DA cell death in both hereditary and sporadic forms of the disease has advanced significantly, the nature of the pathogenic process remains poorly understood. In this review, we present evidence that neurodegeneration occurs when the electrical activity and excitability of these neurons is reduced. In particular, we will focus on the specific need these neurons may have for stimulation in order to survive and on the molecular and cellular mechanisms that may be compromised when this need is no longer met in PD.
帕金森病（PD）是一种退行性脑疾病，其特征为运动症状，这些症状与黑质（SN）中多巴胺能（DA）神经元的丧失明确相关。尽管我们对导致遗传性和散发性疾病中 DA 细胞死亡的机制的了解有了显著进展，但发病过程的本质仍知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们提出证据表明，当这些神经元的电活动和兴奋性降低时，神经退行性变就会发生。特别是，我们将重点关注这些神经元为了生存可能需要刺激的特定需求，以及当这种需求在 PD 中不再得到满足时可能受到损害的分子和细胞机制。
