Myerson S
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and General Practice, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, England.
Fam Pract. 1990 Jun;7(2):91-5. doi: 10.1093/fampra/7.2.91.
This paper describes a preliminary study which investigated the stresses of 30 general practitioners in London. The methodology used was an unstructured interview technique known as 'emic'. This aimed to obtain the doctors' own perceptions of their stresses. The accounts were therefore 'free-flowing'. The links between this 'open-ended' methodology and the findings are discussed. In this kind of approach stresses are uncovered--produced by the subject--which would otherwise not be revealed to the investigator. Once established, stresses which surface in this way, can be considered in a more structured setting later. Furthermore, this 'open-ended' interview produces a 'story', a collection of narrative fragments which together provide a unique record of a field of human experience.
本文描述了一项初步研究，该研究调查了伦敦30名全科医生的压力状况。所采用的方法是一种名为“主位研究法”的非结构化访谈技巧。其目的是获取医生们对自身压力的看法。因此，这些叙述是“自由流畅的”。文中讨论了这种“开放式”方法与研究结果之间的联系。在这种方法中，由研究对象产生的压力得以揭示，否则这些压力不会被研究者发现。一旦确定，以这种方式浮现的压力随后可在更结构化的环境中进行考量。此外，这种“开放式”访谈产生了一个“故事”，即一系列叙述片段的集合，它们共同提供了人类经验领域的独特记录。
