Pipili C, Kiriakoutzik I, Petychaki F, Koutsovasili A
Laiki Merimna Department of Nephrology, 17343 Athens, Greece.
Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2013 Jun;65(2):101-7.
There is graded association between episodes of kidney stones and chronic kidney disease, and the prevalence of nephrolithiasis leading to end stage renal disease (ESRD), although low, is still unavoidable. The marginal causes of nephrolithiasis-related ESRD continue to be metabolic and infection stones. Few lines of investigation account for a higher risk of ESRD in stone formers than in general population, being influenced by hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, gout and recurrent urinary tract infections. Moreover, the risk for ESRD seems to be higher among women over 50 years old who presented more than one episodes of renal colic. However, the evaluation of these studies is limited by the fact that most of them are retrospective, mainly originating from single centre experiences. Additional work on consistent and active patient surveillance will hopefully give information about the association between kidney stones and ESRD, clarifying also the diagnostic dilemmas that have been reported worldwide. This paper addresses the current data for nephrolithiasis-associated ESRD, an interesting topic, the awareness of which should be enhanced.
肾结石发作与慢性肾脏病之间存在分级关联，虽然导致终末期肾病（ESRD）的肾结石患病率较低，但仍不可避免。与肾结石相关的ESRD的边缘性病因仍然是代谢性结石和感染性结石。与普通人群相比，少数研究表明结石形成者发生ESRD的风险更高，这受到高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、痛风和复发性尿路感染的影响。此外，50岁以上出现过不止一次肾绞痛发作的女性发生ESRD的风险似乎更高。然而，这些研究的评估受到限制，因为大多数研究是回顾性的，主要来自单中心经验。关于持续和积极的患者监测的更多工作有望提供有关肾结石与ESRD之间关联的信息，同时也澄清全球范围内报道的诊断难题。本文阐述了与肾结石相关的ESRD的当前数据，这是一个有趣的话题，对此的认识应予以加强。
