Li Pei-Ling, Zhang Fu-Cang
Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2013 Feb;24(2):416-22.
A field experiment with complete combination design was conducted to study the effects of partitioning alternative drip irrigation with plastic mulch and nitrogen fertilization on the dry matter accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency of cotton plant. Three levels of irrigation (260, 200, and 140 mm) and of nitrogen fertilizer (270, 180, and 90 kg.hm-2) were installed. The cotton dry mass was the highest in treatments medium nitrogen/high water and high nitrogen/high water. As compared with that in high nitrogen/high water treatment, the nitrogen use efficiency for dry matter accumulation in medium nitrogen/high water treatment was increased by 34.0% -44.6%, with an average of 34.7% , while the water use efficiency was decreased by 6.4% -10.7%, averagely 10.2%. As for the nitrogen accumulation in cotton plant, the nitrogen use efficiency was the highest in medium nitrogen/high water treatment, and the water use efficiency was the highest in high nitrogen/medium water treatment. Compared with high nitrogen/high water treatment, medium nitrogen/high water treatment increased the nitrogen use efficiency for cotton nitrogen accumulation by 29.0% -41.7%, but decreased the water use efficiency for cotton nitrogen accumulation by 5.5%-14.0%. Among the treatments of coupling water and nitrogen of higher cotton yield, treatment medium nitrogen/high water had the higher cotton nitrogen recovery rate, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, and apparent use efficiency than the treatments high nitrogen/medium water and high nitrogen/high water, but no significant differences were observed in the nitrogen absorption ratio and nitrogen physiological efficiency. Treatment medium nitrogen/high water was most beneficial to the coupling effects of water and nitrogen under partitioning alternate drip irrigation with plastic mulch and nitrogen fertilization.
采用完全组合设计进行田间试验，研究膜下滴灌分区交替灌溉与施氮对棉花干物质积累及氮素利用效率的影响。设置了3个灌溉水平（260、200和140毫米）和3个施氮水平（270、180和90千克·公顷⁻²）。棉花干物质在中氮/高水处理和高氮/高水处理中最高。与高氮/高水处理相比，中氮/高水处理下干物质积累的氮素利用效率提高了34.0% - 44.6%，平均提高34.7%，而水分利用效率降低了6.4% - 10.7%，平均降低10.2%。对于棉花植株的氮素积累，中氮/高水处理的氮素利用效率最高，高氮/中水处理的水分利用效率最高。与高氮/高水处理相比，中氮/高水处理使棉花氮素积累的氮素利用效率提高了29.0% - 41.7%，但使棉花氮素积累的水分利用效率降低了5.5% - 14.0%。在棉花产量较高的水氮耦合处理中，中氮/高水处理的棉花氮素回收率、农学效率和表观利用率均高于高氮/中水处理和高氮/高水处理，但在氮素吸收比例和氮素生理效率方面未观察到显著差异。中氮/高水处理最有利于膜下滴灌分区交替灌溉与施氮条件下的水氮耦合效应。
