Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;787:463-72. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-1590-9_51.
Certain sounds, for example, the squeal of chalk on a blackboard, are perceived as highly unpleasant. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in humans shows responses in the amygdala and auditory cortex to aversive sounds. Dynamic causal modelling (DCM) of the interaction between auditory cortex and the amygdala revealed that evoked responses to aversive sounds are relayed to the amygdala via the auditory cortex. There is a complex interaction between the -auditory cortex and amygdala involving effective connectivity in both directions. While acoustic features modulate forward connections from auditory cortex to the amygdala, the valence modulates effective connectivity from the amygdala to the auditory cortex. The results support interaction between the auditory cortex and amygdala where stimuli are first processed to a higher (object) level in the auditory cortex before assignment of valence in the amygdala.
某些声音，例如粉笔在黑板上的刺耳声，被认为是非常不愉快的。人类的功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 显示，杏仁核和听觉皮层对厌恶的声音有反应。对听觉皮层和杏仁核之间相互作用的动态因果建模 (DCM) 表明，厌恶声音的诱发反应通过听觉皮层传递到杏仁核。听觉皮层和杏仁核之间存在复杂的相互作用，涉及两个方向的有效连接。虽然声音特征调节了从听觉皮层到杏仁核的前向连接，但效价调节了从杏仁核到听觉皮层的有效连接。研究结果支持听觉皮层和杏仁核之间的相互作用，在杏仁核中对刺激进行赋值之前，刺激首先在听觉皮层中被处理到更高（物体）水平。
