Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
J Ginseng Res. 2013 Apr;37(2):254-60. doi: 10.5142/jgr.2013.37.254.
Greenhouse and field experiments with American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) stratified seed sown at depths of 10 to 100 mm were carried out to determine effects of seeding depth on seedling emergence, growth and development and to calculate optimum seeding depth. The time to 50% seedling emergence (E50) in the field increased linearly from 17 d at 20 mm seeding depth to 42.5 d at 80 mm. Seedling emergence and root weight (economic yield) at the end of the first year each increased quadratically with the increase of seeding depth. Maximum emergence and root yields were produced at sowing depths of 26.9 and 30.6 mm respectively. In a greenhouse pot experiment, increasing seeding depth from 10 to 100 mm increased partitioning of dry matter to leaves from 23.6% to 26.1%, to stems from 6.9% to 14.2%, and decreased dry matter to roots from 69.5% to 59.7%. Optimum seeding depth was 31.1 mm for a corresponding maximum root weight of 119.9 mg. A predictor equation [X (seeding depth, mm)=Y (seed weight, mg)/9.1+20.96] for seeding depth for ginseng, based on data for ten vegetable crops, their seed weights and suggested seeding depths, predicted a seeding depth of 28.3 mm for ginseng similar to that reported above for most pot and field experiments.
温室和田间试验用西洋参（ Panax quinquefolius L.）分层播种，播种深度为 10 至 100 毫米，以确定播种深度对幼苗出苗、生长和发育的影响，并计算最佳播种深度。田间条件下，50%种子出苗（E50）的时间从 20 毫米播种深度的 17 天线性增加到 80 毫米的 42.5 天。第一年结束时，出苗率和根重（经济产量）随播种深度的增加呈二次曲线增加。最大出苗率和根产量分别在播种深度为 26.9 和 30.6 毫米时产生。在温室盆栽试验中，从 10 毫米增加到 100 毫米的播种深度，将干物质分配给叶片的比例从 23.6%增加到 26.1%，分配给茎的比例从 6.9%增加到 14.2%，而分配给根的比例从 69.5%降低到 59.7%。最佳播种深度为 31.1 毫米，相应的根重最大为 119.9 毫克。基于十种蔬菜作物、种子重量和建议的播种深度的数据，为西洋参建立了一个播种深度预测方程[X（播种深度，mm）=Y（种子重量，mg）/9.1+20.96]，预测西洋参的播种深度为 28.3 毫米，与上述大多数盆栽和田间试验报道的相似。
