Murakami Yoshiki, Tanahashi Toshihito
Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
Methods Mol Biol. 2013;1024:173-82. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-453-1_13.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate protein levels post-transcriptionally. miRNAs play important regulatory roles in many cellular processes, including differentiation, neoplastic transformation, and cell replication and regeneration. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been linked to infectious and regenerative disease and carcinogenesis, among others. Recent studies as well have reported that significantly expressed miRNAs in serum are related to cancer and a range of infectious disease. With this in mind, several investigators have made attempts to apply circulating miRNAs as useful clinical biomarkers. In this chapter, we explore making diagnoses using miRNA expression pattern with the hope that this method will lead to higher levels of accuracy.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码RNA，可在转录后调节蛋白质水平。miRNA在许多细胞过程中发挥重要的调节作用，包括分化、肿瘤转化以及细胞复制和再生。miRNA的异常表达与感染性疾病、再生性疾病和癌症发生等有关。最近的研究也报道，血清中显著表达的miRNA与癌症和一系列感染性疾病有关。考虑到这一点，一些研究人员已尝试将循环miRNA用作有用的临床生物标志物。在本章中，我们探索利用miRNA表达模式进行诊断，希望这种方法能带来更高的准确性。
