膀胱癌流行病学与遗传易感性。
Bladder cancer epidemiology and genetic susceptibility.
作者信息
Chu Haiyan, Wang Meilin, Zhang Zhengdong
机构信息
Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; ; Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
出版信息
J Biomed Res. 2013 May;27(3):170-8. doi: 10.7555/JBR.27.20130026. Epub 2013 Mar 25.
Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary system. The incidence of bladder cancer of men is higher than that of women (approximately 4:1). Here, we summarize the bladder cancer-related risk factors, including environmental and genetic factors. In recent years, although the mortality rate induced by bladder cancer has been stable or decreased gradually, the public health effect may be pronounced. The well-established risk factors for bladder cancer are cigarette smoking and occupational exposure. Genetic factors also play important roles in the susceptibility to bladder cancer. A recent study demonstrated that hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer is associated with increased risk of bladder cancer. Since 2008, genome-wide association study (GWAS) has been used to identify the susceptibility loci for bladder cancer. Further gene-gene or gene-environment interaction studies need to be conducted to provide more information for the etiology of bladder cancer.
膀胱癌是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤。男性膀胱癌的发病率高于女性（约为4:1）。在此，我们总结了与膀胱癌相关的危险因素，包括环境因素和遗传因素。近年来，尽管膀胱癌所致死亡率一直稳定或逐渐下降，但其对公众健康的影响可能较为显著。已明确的膀胱癌危险因素是吸烟和职业暴露。遗传因素在膀胱癌易感性中也起重要作用。最近一项研究表明，遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌与膀胱癌风险增加有关。自2008年以来，全基因组关联研究（GWAS）已被用于识别膀胱癌的易感位点。需要进一步开展基因-基因或基因-环境相互作用研究，以提供更多关于膀胱癌病因的信息。
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