Sadeghian Giti, Ziaei Hengameh, Bidabadi Leila Shirani, Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali
Department of Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Indian J Dermatol. 2013 May;58(3):239. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.110838.
INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease which has different clinical forms. The aim of this study is to compare the response to leishmanin skin test (LST) in three forms of CL including plaque type, lupoid type, and sporotrichoid type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The patients enrolled in this study had three clinical forms of CL confirmed by positive smear of their lesions and then LST was performed for them. Results were categorized as negative (0-5 mm induration), positive (6-14 mm), and strongly positive (≥15 mm). The data were documented in the patients' files and analyzed with SPSS windows software version 16 (Inc.Chicago, USA). RESULTS: 200 patients were enrolled in the study. In the group with plaque type, 86% had a positive LST, 13.3% were negative, and 0.7% were strongly positive. In the lupoid group, these figures were 45.8%, 8.4%, 45.8%, respectively. In the sporotrichoid group, LST was positive in 27.3%, negative in 72.7%, and none of the patients had a strongly positive reaction (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The most of the positive LST were belong to plaque and lupoid groups, the most of strongly positive were belong to lupoid, and the most of negative LST were related with sporotrichoid type. CONCLUSION: It can be suggested that lupoid and sporotrichoid types of CL are parts of a continuous spectrum of the disease with an enhanced cellular immunity in lupoid form and a decreased state in sporotrichoid type.
引言:皮肤利什曼病(CL)是一种具有不同临床形式的寄生虫病。本研究的目的是比较三种形式的皮肤利什曼病(包括斑块型、狼疮样型和孢子丝菌病样型)对利什曼原虫皮肤试验(LST)的反应。 材料与方法:这是一项描述性横断面研究。本研究纳入的患者有三种经病变涂片阳性确诊的皮肤利什曼病临床形式,然后对他们进行利什曼原虫皮肤试验。结果分为阴性(硬结0 - 5毫米)、阳性(6 - 14毫米)和强阳性(≥15毫米)。数据记录在患者档案中,并用SPSS 16版视窗软件(美国芝加哥公司)进行分析。 结果:200名患者纳入本研究。在斑块型组中,86%的患者利什曼原虫皮肤试验呈阳性,13.3%为阴性,0.7%为强阳性。在狼疮样组中,这些数字分别为45.8%、8.4%、45.8%。在孢子丝菌病样组中,利什曼原虫皮肤试验阳性率为27.3%,阴性率为72.7%,且无患者呈强阳性反应(P < 0.05)。 讨论:大多数利什曼原虫皮肤试验阳性的患者属于斑块型和狼疮样组,大多数强阳性患者属于狼疮样组,而大多数利什曼原虫皮肤试验阴性的患者与孢子丝菌病样型有关。 结论:可以认为,狼疮样型和孢子丝菌病样型的皮肤利什曼病是该疾病连续谱的一部分,狼疮样型具有增强的细胞免疫,而孢子丝菌病样型则处于细胞免疫降低状态。
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