Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
S Afr Med J. 2013 Apr 30;103(6):419-22. doi: 10.7196/samj.6972.
The term rhinitis implies inflammation of the lining of the nose. Characteristic symptoms are a blocked nose, anterior and posterior rhinorrhea, sneezing and itching. Not all cases of chronic rhinitis have an allergic basis. Chronic non-allergic rhinitis is defined as a condition where ongoing rhinitic symptoms are present for many months (as for persistent allergic rhinitis) but there is no IgE basis. Many common conditions may present as chronic rhinitis, which will need to be investigated and managed on their own merits. Not all cases of chronic rhinitis respond to allergic rhinitis therapy: continued attempts to manage chronic rhinitis as allergic rhinitis may be hampered by pathophysiological conditions where other specific therapy may be required. Chronic rhinitis impacts on patient quality of life, and therefore therapy is important. Managing patients with chronic rhinitis requires attention to patient education in order to achieve the maximal therapeutic benefit of medication. This update is intended to provide clinicians with a sound basis for management of a common condition.
鼻炎一词意味着鼻腔内层的炎症。其特征性症状为鼻塞、鼻后滴注、打喷嚏和瘙痒。并非所有慢性鼻炎病例都有过敏基础。慢性非过敏性鼻炎的定义为，持续数月存在鼻炎症状（如持续性过敏性鼻炎）但无 IgE 基础的情况。许多常见病症可能表现为慢性鼻炎，需要根据其自身特点进行调查和处理。并非所有慢性鼻炎病例都对过敏性鼻炎治疗有反应：持续尝试将慢性鼻炎作为过敏性鼻炎进行管理，可能会因需要其他特定治疗的病理生理条件而受阻。慢性鼻炎会影响患者的生活质量，因此治疗很重要。管理慢性鼻炎患者需要关注患者教育，以实现药物治疗的最大疗效。本次更新旨在为临床医生管理常见病症提供坚实的基础。
