Gawlikowska-Sroka A, Stocki Ł, Dąbrowski P, Kwiatkowska B, Szczurowski J, Czerwiński F
Department of General and Clinical Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlk. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Homo. 2013 Aug;64(4):286-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jchb.2013.03.009. Epub 2013 May 29.
The location of the mental foramen is used in a number of maxillofacial surgical procedures and in anthropological examinations. The position of the mental foramen has been reported to vary in different ethnic groups and in different historical populations. The aim of this work was to analyse the topography of the mental foramen in mandibles from selected historical populations from the Pomeranian region in Poland. The material consisted of three groups: 92 skulls from the beginning of the 20th century from Szczecin (earlier name Stettin), and two Mediaeval groups -31 skulls from Rurka (historic Rörchen), 18th-19th centuries, and 50 skulls from Sypniewo (historic Zyppnow), 11th-13th centuries. Distances of the mental foramen in relation to the midline, and to the second corresponding point were measured. Additionally, non-metric traits of the mental foramen were recorded. No significant differences in average diameters of the mental foramina measured on the right and the left sides were observed between historical populations. On both sides, in all groups, the foramen was mainly located between positions of the lower first and lower second premolars. In all three groups the direction of the opening of the mental foramen was superoposterior. The similar level of epigenetic variation was observed in all groups. The position and the direction of the exit were similar to other previously studied European populations.
颏孔的位置在许多颌面外科手术和人类学检查中都有应用。据报道，颏孔的位置在不同种族群体和不同历史人群中有所不同。这项工作的目的是分析来自波兰波美拉尼亚地区特定历史人群下颌骨中颏孔的形态。材料包括三组：来自什切青（旧称斯德丁）的92个20世纪初的头骨，以及两个中世纪组——来自鲁尔卡（历史上的勒尔兴）的31个头骨（18至19世纪）和来自锡普涅沃（历史上的齐普诺）的50个头骨（11至13世纪）。测量了颏孔相对于中线以及相对于第二个对应点的距离。此外，还记录了颏孔的非计量特征。在历史人群中，未观察到左右两侧测量的颏孔平均直径有显著差异。在所有组的两侧，颏孔主要位于下颌第一前磨牙和下颌第二前磨牙位置之间。在所有三组中，颏孔的开口方向都是后上方。在所有组中都观察到了相似程度的表观遗传变异。其位置和出口方向与其他先前研究过的欧洲人群相似。
