Koudelakova Vladimira, Kneblova Magdalena, Trojanec Radek, Drabek Jiri, Hajduch Marian
Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2013 Jun;157(2):125-36. doi: 10.5507/bp.2013.034. Epub 2013 May 29.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer that is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Several predictive markers have been found in NSCLC patients to date but only a few are currently used for tailored therapy.
PubMed and Web of Science online databases were used to search review and original articles on the most important predictive markers in NSCLC.
EGFR activating mutations (exons 18 to 21) and EML4-ALK rearrangement are clinically important markers able to select NSCLC patients which benefit from EGFR or ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib, crizotinib). Other markers, such as KRAS mutation, EGFR T790M mutation and C-MET amplification, are responsible for resistance to these inhibitors. Overcoming of this resistance as well as discovery of new potential markers and inhibitors is the main goal of ongoing research and clinical trials in NSCLC.
非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）约占所有肺癌的85%，肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。迄今为止，在NSCLC患者中已发现多种预测标志物，但目前仅有少数用于个体化治疗。
使用PubMed和Web of Science在线数据库检索关于NSCLC最重要预测标志物的综述和原始文章。
表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）激活突变（18至21外显子）和棘皮动物微管相关蛋白样4（EML4）-间变性淋巴瘤激酶（ALK）重排是重要的临床标志物，能够筛选出可从EGFR或ALK酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（吉非替尼、厄洛替尼、克唑替尼）中获益的NSCLC患者。其他标志物，如KRAS突变、EGFR T790M突变和C-MET扩增，则是导致对这些抑制剂耐药的原因。克服这种耐药性以及发现新的潜在标志物和抑制剂是NSCLC正在进行的研究和临床试验的主要目标。
