Schwarzenbach Hans-Rudolf
Medicina Interna Generale FMH, Melide.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2013 Jun 5;102(12):727-9. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a001333.
Jaundice corresponds to elevated bilirubin- levels, whereat one has to distinguish between direct and indirect serum-bilirubin. In the present Mini Review causes and differential diagnosis of jaundice are outlined. Ultrasound-diagnostic plays a major role in identifying intrahepatic or extrahepatic jaundice. Attention is given to the differential diagnosis of elevated liver enzymes in presence of jaundice, pointing out the distinction between hepatocellular and cholestatic parameters as well as the differentiation in acute or chronic increase. Moreover, the consequences of liver enzyme elevations including further diagnostic procedures, are highlighted. Finally, possibilities and limitations of modern diagnostic tests for liver fibrosis are briefly overviewed.
黄疸对应胆红素水平升高，必须区分直接胆红素和间接胆红素。在本综述中，概述了黄疸的病因和鉴别诊断。超声诊断在鉴别肝内或肝外黄疸方面起主要作用。重点关注黄疸情况下肝酶升高的鉴别诊断，指出肝细胞性和胆汁淤积性参数之间的区别以及急性或慢性升高的鉴别。此外，还强调了肝酶升高的后果，包括进一步的诊断程序。最后，简要概述了现代肝纤维化诊断测试的可能性和局限性。
