Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
J Affect Disord. 2013 Sep 25;150(3):1019-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.05.032. Epub 2013 Jun 3.
The present study aimed to investigate whether there is an association between type of living environment (urban versus rural) and anxiety, depression and psychosis in the Scottish population.
Data were obtained from the Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics database on Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation and urban-rural classifications for 6505 data zones across Scotland. Multiple regression was used to test the association between prescriptions for psychotropic medication for anxiety, depression and psychosis, and type of living environment according to urban-rural classification, controlling for a range of socio-economic factors.
Urban-rural classification significantly predicted poorer mental health both before (β=-.29) and after (β=-.20) controlling for a large number of socio-economic variables, with more urban areas having higher rates of prescription for psychotropic medication for anxiety, depression and psychosis.
The current study focussed on macro-level variables and did not include individual level data. As such, the study did not include data on individual diagnoses, but instead used drug prescriptions for anxiety, depression and psychosis as a proxy for level of affective disorders within data zones.
More urban living environments in Scotland are associated with higher rates of prescription for psychotropic medication for anxiety, depression and psychosis.
本研究旨在调查苏格兰人群的生活环境（城市与农村）类型是否与焦虑、抑郁和精神病有关。
数据来自苏格兰邻里统计数据库中苏格兰多重贫困指数和苏格兰城乡分类的 6505 个数据区。采用多元回归分析方法，根据城乡分类，检验精神药物治疗焦虑、抑郁和精神病的处方与生活环境类型之间的关系，控制一系列社会经济因素。
城乡分类显著预测了心理健康状况较差，无论是在（β=-.29）控制大量社会经济变量之前还是之后（β=-.20），城市地区的精神药物治疗焦虑、抑郁和精神病的处方率更高。
本研究集中于宏观层面的变量，未包括个人层面的数据。因此，该研究没有包括个体诊断数据，而是使用焦虑、抑郁和精神病的药物处方作为数据区中情感障碍水平的替代指标。
苏格兰更多的城市生活环境与精神药物治疗焦虑、抑郁和精神病的处方率较高有关。
