Decision Research, Eugene, OR 97 401, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2013 Sep;58:75-80. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.04.029. Epub 2013 May 1.
We investigated, using questionnaires, different strategies for removing drivers' overoptimism (Svenson et al., 2012a) about how fast their speed could be decreased when they were speeding compared with braking at the speed limit speed. Three different learning groups and a control group made collision speed judgments. The first learning group had the distance a car travels during a driver's reaction time for each problem. The second group had this information and also feedback after each judgment (correct speed). The third group judged collision speed but also braking distance and received correct facts after each problem. The control group had no information at all about reaction time and the distance traveled during that time. The results suggested the following rank order from poor to improved performance: control, group 1, group 3 and group 2 indicating that information about distance driven during a driver's reaction time improved collision speed judgments and that adding stopping distance information did not add to this improvement.
我们使用问卷调查了不同策略来消除驾驶员超速时对其减速速度的过度乐观（Svenson 等人，2012a），超速时与限速时相比，他们的速度可以降低多少。三个不同的学习组和一个对照组进行了碰撞速度判断。第一组学习了每个问题中驾驶员反应时间内车辆行驶的距离。第二组有这个信息，并且在每次判断后也有反馈（正确速度）。第三组判断碰撞速度，但也判断制动距离，并且在每个问题后都收到正确的信息。对照组完全没有关于反应时间和这段时间内行驶距离的信息。结果表明，表现从差到好的排名如下：对照组、第一组、第三组和第二组，这表明有关驾驶员反应时间内行驶距离的信息可以改善碰撞速度判断，并且添加停车距离信息并不能进一步提高这种改善。
