Henderson G L, Harkey M R, Jones A D
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
J Anal Toxicol. 1990 May-Jun;14(3):172-5. doi: 10.1093/jat/14.3.172.
We report the use of a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) to rapidly screen powder samples for various illicit fentanyl analogs. A 10-mg sample is dissolved in water, serial dilutions are made over a range of 1:10 to 1:100,000, and then duplicate 50-microL aliquots are analyzed by RIA. This method was verified by analyzing 18 "China White" samples, first by RIA and then by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with the spectrometrist blind to the results of the RIA. Of the samples, 11 were positive by radioimmunoassay and all were confirmed by GC/MS and found to contain fentanyl, alpha-methylfentanyl, fluorofentanyl, cis- and trans-3-methylfentanyl, thienylfentanyl, or cis- and trans-3-methylthienylfentanyl. The seven samples that were negative by RIA contained a variety of substances typically found in street drug samples--caffeine, codeine, and heroin--but none of the fentanyls. Differences in fentanyl concentration between samples were quite large, up to 300-fold; however, the drug seems to be uniformly distributed within a single sample. Thus, accidental overdose is more likely to result from the large intersample variability in drug concentration rather than the "clumping" of fentanyl within a sample. This solid-phase RIA provides a simple, rapid, and reliable screening method for detecting fentanyl and its illicit analogs in powder samples.
我们报告了使用固相放射免疫分析（RIA）快速筛查粉末样品中各种非法芬太尼类似物的情况。将10毫克样品溶于水，进行1:10至1:100,000范围内的系列稀释，然后通过RIA分析50微升的双份等分试样。通过分析18个“中国白”样品对该方法进行了验证，首先用RIA分析，然后用气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）分析，质谱分析人员对RIA结果不知情。在这些样品中，11个通过放射免疫分析呈阳性，所有这些均经GC/MS确认并发现含有芬太尼、α-甲基芬太尼、氟芬太尼、顺式和反式3-甲基芬太尼、噻吩基芬太尼或顺式和反式3-甲基噻吩基芬太尼。7个RIA呈阴性的样品含有街头毒品样品中常见的多种物质——咖啡因、可待因和海洛因——但不含任何芬太尼。样品之间芬太尼浓度差异很大，高达300倍；然而，药物似乎在单个样品中均匀分布。因此，意外过量更可能是由于样品间药物浓度的巨大差异，而不是芬太尼在样品中的“结块”。这种固相RIA为检测粉末样品中的芬太尼及其非法类似物提供了一种简单、快速且可靠的筛查方法。
