Link H, Schwardt A, Vöhringer H F, Wingen F J, Haen M, Ehninger G
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover.
Med Klin (Munich). 1990 Apr;85 Suppl 2:288-90.
After bone marrow transplantation there is a risk of 10% to acquire a pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii, if no prophylaxis is used. So far cotrimoxazol is the treatment of choice from day -14 before to day +180 after bone marrow transplantation. This substance, however, may cause allergic reactions, may augment the risk of nephrotoxicity of other drugs, and may be myelosuppressive. The prophylaxis with pentamidine-inhalation was used in 26 patients after bone marrow transplantation so far. It could be shown, that after salbutamol-inhalation 60 to 300 mg of pentamidine can be given safely in 14 to 28 days intervals. The main side effects were cough and dyspnea in some patients. Only minimal amounts of the drug could be detected in serum and urine after application. No toxic side effects and no pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were observed.
骨髓移植后，如果不采取预防措施，有10%的风险会感染卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎。到目前为止，复方新诺明是骨髓移植前14天至移植后180天的首选治疗药物。然而，这种药物可能会引起过敏反应，增加其他药物肾毒性的风险，并且可能具有骨髓抑制作用。到目前为止，26例骨髓移植后的患者使用了戊烷脒吸入预防治疗。结果表明，在吸入沙丁胺醇后，每隔14至28天安全给予60至300毫克戊烷脒。主要副作用是部分患者出现咳嗽和呼吸困难。用药后血清和尿液中仅检测到极少量的药物。未观察到毒性副作用和卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎。
