Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222, United States.
Anal Chem. 2013 Aug 6;85(15):7287-94. doi: 10.1021/ac4011843. Epub 2013 Jun 26.
The ability to link a suspect to a particular shooting incident is a principal task for many forensic investigators. Here, we attempt to achieve this goal by analysis of gunshot residue (GSR) through the use of attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) combined with statistical analysis. The firearm discharge process is analogous to a complex chemical process. Therefore, the products of this process (GSR) will vary based upon numerous factors, including the specific combination of the firearm and ammunition which was discharged. Differentiation of FT-IR data, collected from GSR particles originating from three different firearm-ammunition combinations (0.38 in., 0.40 in., and 9 mm calibers), was achieved using projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The technique was cross (leave-one-out), both internally and externally, validated. External validation was achieved via assignment (caliber identification) of unknown FT-IR spectra from unknown GSR particles. The results demonstrate great potential for ATR-FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of GSR for forensic purposes.
将嫌疑人与特定枪击事件联系起来的能力是许多法医调查人员的主要任务。在这里，我们尝试通过使用衰减全反射（ATR）傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）结合统计分析来实现这一目标。枪支发射过程类似于复杂的化学过程。因此，该过程的产物（GSR）将根据许多因素而有所不同，包括发射的枪支和弹药的具体组合。使用偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）对源自三种不同枪支弹药组合（0.38 英寸、0.40 英寸和 9 毫米口径）的 GSR 颗粒收集的 FT-IR 数据进行了区分。该技术通过内部和外部的交叉（逐一留出）进行了验证。外部验证是通过对未知 GSR 颗粒的未知 FT-IR 光谱进行分配（口径识别）来实现的。结果表明，ATR-FT-IR 光谱分析 GSR 具有很大的法医应用潜力。
