University of Leeds and Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013 Aug;18(4):185-91. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2013.05.008. Epub 2013 Jun 5.
Neonatal seizures constitute the most frequent and distinctive neurological symptom in the neonatal period. Seizures in the neonatal period differ considerably from those observed later in life with respect to their aetiological profile and clinical presentation. In addition, the aetiological profile in preterm infants is different from that seen in term infants. Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy is the most frequent cause of neonatal seizures in term babies followed by focal ischaemia (stroke), cerebral malformations and metabolic disturbances. In preterm neonates, intraventricular haemorrhage and infections cause most of the seizures reported in this group. Better neuroimaging techniques have reduced the number of undiagnosed cases, and the institution of newer neuroprotective strategies has influenced the outcome.
新生儿惊厥是新生儿期最常见和最具特征性的神经系统症状。新生儿期的惊厥在病因谱和临床表现方面与后期观察到的惊厥有很大的不同。此外，早产儿的病因谱与足月儿不同。缺氧缺血性脑病是足月儿新生儿惊厥最常见的原因，其次是局灶性缺血（中风）、脑畸形和代谢紊乱。在早产儿中，脑室出血和感染是该组报告的大多数惊厥的原因。更好的神经影像学技术减少了未确诊病例的数量，新的神经保护策略的应用也影响了预后。
