Heriazon Armando, Quinton Margaret, Miglior Filippo, Leslie Keneth E, Sears William, Mallard Bonnie A
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2013 Aug 15;154(3-4):83-92. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.03.014. Epub 2013 Mar 30.
Breeding dairy cattle using diverse phenotypic markers has been suggested as a feasible approach to improve health and decrease the deleterious consequences of infectious diseases. Studies conducted in pigs have demonstrated the value of antibody (AMIR)- and cell (CMIR)-mediated immune responses as quantitative traits for improving immune responsiveness by selecting livestock using estimated breeding values (EBV) for immune response (IR) traits. Studies of cattle have tested the possibility of using IR traits as phenotypic markers to classify cows as high (HR), average (AR) and low (LR) responders. Information is scarce or unavailable about either genetic parameters of AMIR and CMIR or their phenotypic and genetic associations with production, conformation, fertility or health traits in lactating dairy cattle. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate phenotypic and genetic parameters of both AMIR and CMIR as quantitative immunological traits (n=6) in comparison with production, fertility and health traits in dairy cattle for their use in a selection index intended to improve bovine health. Results of this study showed significant AMIR and CMIR responses. Most phenotypic correlations between IR traits and production, health or fertility traits were not significant. The highest heritabilities (h(2)) were observed for delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to killed Candida albicans whole cell (CaWC) at 48 h (0.54) and AMIR day 14 (0.42). The highest genetic correlations were observed between AMIR 14 and AMIR 21 (0.99) and between DTH to CaWC 24h and DTH to CaWC 48 h (0.93). Two important and significant sire EBV correlations were noted between AMIR and fat % (0.18), and between CMIR and protein % (-0.15). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that both AMIR and CMIR are heritable traits in cattle and could be considered for their inclusion in a selection index intended to improve health.
利用多种表型标记培育奶牛被认为是一种可行的方法，可改善健康状况并减少传染病的有害后果。在猪身上进行的研究表明，抗体介导的免疫反应（AMIR）和细胞介导的免疫反应（CMIR）作为数量性状，通过使用免疫反应（IR）性状的估计育种值（EBV）来选择家畜，对于提高免疫反应性具有重要价值。对牛的研究已经测试了将IR性状用作表型标记，将奶牛分为高反应者（HR）、平均反应者（AR）和低反应者（LR）的可能性。关于AMIR和CMIR的遗传参数，以及它们与泌乳奶牛的生产、体型、繁殖力或健康性状之间的表型和遗传关联，目前的信息很少或无法获得。本研究的目的是评估AMIR和CMIR作为定量免疫性状（n = 6）的表型和遗传参数，并与奶牛的生产、繁殖力和健康性状进行比较，以便将其纳入旨在改善牛健康状况的选择指数中。本研究结果显示AMIR和CMIR反应显著。IR性状与生产、健康或繁殖力性状之间的大多数表型相关性不显著。在48小时时对灭活白色念珠菌全细胞（CaWC）的迟发型超敏反应（DTH）（0.54）和第14天的AMIR（0.42）观察到最高的遗传力（h²）。在第14天的AMIR和第21天的AMIR之间（0.99）以及在24小时对CaWC的DTH和48小时对CaWC的DTH之间（0.93）观察到最高的遗传相关性。在AMIR与脂肪百分比之间（0.18）以及在CMIR与蛋白质百分比之间（-0.15）注意到两个重要且显著的父本EBV相关性。总之，本研究表明AMIR和CMIR在牛中都是可遗传的性状，可以考虑将它们纳入旨在改善健康状况的选择指数中。
