UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands.
J Environ Manage. 2013 Oct 15;128:220-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.05.031. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
The performance, effluent quality, land area requirement, investment and operation costs of a full-scale waste stabilization pond (WSP) and a pilot scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF-CW) at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) were investigated between November 2010 to January 2011. Both systems gave comparable medium to high levels of organic matter and suspended solids removal. However, the WSP showed a better removal for Total Phosphorus (TP) and Ammonium (NH4(+)-N). Based on the population equivalent calculations, the land area requirement per person equivalent of the WSP system was 3 times the area that would be required for the HSSF-CW to treat the same amount of wastewater. The total annual cost estimates consisting of capital, operation and maintenance (O&M) costs were comparable for both systems. However, the evaluation of the capital cost of either system showed that it is largely influenced by the size of the population served, local cost of land and the construction materials involved. Hence, one can select either system in terms of treatment efficiency. When land is available other factor including the volume of wastewater or the investment, and O&M costs determine the technology selection.
2010 年 11 月至 2011 年 1 月期间，对乔莫·肯雅塔农业技术大学（JKUAT）的全规模污水稳定塘（WSP）和中试规模水平潜流人工湿地（HSSF-CW）的性能、出水水质、土地面积需求、投资和运行成本进行了调查。这两个系统都能提供中等至高水平的有机物和悬浮物去除效果。然而，WSP 对总磷（TP）和氨（NH4（+）-N）的去除效果更好。根据人口当量计算，WSP 系统每人当量的土地面积需求是 HSSF-CW 处理相同数量废水所需面积的 3 倍。包括资本、运营和维护（O&M）成本在内的总成本估算在两个系统中相当。然而，对任何系统的资本成本评估表明，它在很大程度上受到服务人口规模、当地土地成本和所涉及的建筑材料的影响。因此，可以根据处理效率选择任何系统。当有土地可用时，其他因素，包括废水量或投资以及 O&M 成本，将决定技术选择。
