DEMETRA Department, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128, Palermo, Italy. Department of Animal Biology, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
Environ Microbiol Rep. 2012 Feb;4(1):105-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00310.x. Epub 2011 Nov 27.
The present work was undertaken to evaluate the contribution of migratory birds in the environmental dissemination of yeasts. Four sites (Mazara del Vallo, Lampedusa, Ustica and Linosa), representing the main stop-over points in Sicily, were analysed during spring and autumnal bird migration and 349 birds (belonging to 10 families) were ringed and analysed for yeast presence. A total of 125 yeasts were isolated and identified by a multiple genotypic approach, consisting of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of 5.8S rRNA gene and 26S rRNA and sequencing of D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene, which resulted in the recognition of 18 species, including the technological relevant Saccharomyces cerevisiae which were characterized at strain level applying three techniques (interdelta analysis, minisatellite analysis based on the separate amplification of three genes and microsatellite multiplex PCR of polymorphic microsatellite loci). The evaluation of the persistence of living S. cerevisiae in birds for about 12 h from ingestion of inoculated feed allowed the conclusion that yeasts with technological potential are disseminated during migration.
本研究旨在评估候鸟在酵母环境传播中的作用。在春季和秋季鸟类迁徙期间，对代表西西里岛主要中途停留点的四个地点（马扎拉德尔瓦洛、兰佩杜萨、乌斯蒂卡和利诺萨）进行了分析，共环志了 349 只鸟类（属于 10 个科），并分析了它们是否存在酵母。采用多种基因分型方法（5.8S rRNA 基因和 26S rRNA 的限制性片段长度多态性 [RFLP]，以及 26S rRNA D1/D2 区的测序）分离和鉴定了 125 株酵母，共鉴定出 18 个种，包括技术相关的酿酒酵母，这些酵母在菌株水平上进行了特征鉴定，应用了三种技术（interdelta 分析、基于三个基因单独扩增的微卫星分析和多态性微卫星位点的微卫星多重 PCR）。从摄入接种饲料开始，对鸟类体内存活的酿酒酵母约 12 h 的持续时间进行评估，结果表明，具有技术潜力的酵母在迁徙过程中传播。
