Department of Cardiology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013 Jun;6(6):714-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2013.04.005.
Echocardiography, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography can be used for anatomic and functional imaging of the heart. All 4 methods are subject to continuous improvement. Echocardiography benefits from the more widespread availability of 3-dimensional imaging, strain and strain rate analysis, and contrast applications. SPECT imaging continues to provide very valuable prognostic data, and PET imaging, on the one hand, permits quantification of coronary flow reserve, a strong prognostic predictor, and, on the other hand, can be used for molecular imaging, allowing the analysis of extremely small-scale functional alterations in the heart. Magnetic resonance is gaining increasing importance as a stress test, mainly through perfusion imaging, and continues to provide very valuable prognostic information based on late gadolinium enhancement. Magnetic resonance coronary angiography does not substantially contribute to clinical cardiology at this point in time. Computed tomography imaging of the heart mainly concentrates on the imaging of coronary artery lumen and plaque and has made substantial progress regarding outcome data. In this review, the current status of the 5 imaging techniques is illustrated by reviewing pertinent publications of the year 2012.
超声心动图、单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）、正电子发射断层扫描（PET）、心脏磁共振和心脏计算机断层扫描可用于心脏的解剖和功能成像。所有 4 种方法都在不断改进。超声心动图受益于三维成像、应变和应变率分析以及对比应用的更广泛应用。SPECT 成像继续提供非常有价值的预后数据，而 PET 成像一方面可以量化冠状动脉血流储备，这是一个强有力的预后预测指标，另一方面可以用于分子成像，从而分析心脏非常小的功能改变。磁共振作为一种应激试验的重要性日益增加，主要是通过灌注成像，并且继续基于钆延迟增强提供非常有价值的预后信息。磁共振冠状动脉成像在现阶段对临床心脏病学没有实质性贡献。心脏计算机断层扫描主要集中在冠状动脉管腔和斑块的成像上，并且在预后数据方面取得了实质性进展。在这篇综述中，通过回顾 2012 年的相关出版物，说明了这 5 种成像技术的现状。
