Department of Nursing & Health, School of Nursing & Health, Aichi Prefectural University, Aichi, Japan.
J Tissue Viability. 2013 Aug;22(3):63-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jtv.2013.05.001. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
We examined the location-specific properties of pressure ulcers, focusing on depth and undermining formation, which are often unfavorable factors for ulcer healing.
We conducted a retrospective observational study of 2 independent databases on pressure ulcers. Databases from a 200-bed hospital (database A) and a 300-bed hospital (database B) were collected during different time periods. Relationships between ulcer location, ulcer depth, and undermining formation were analyzed. All pressure ulcers were accurately diagnosed and classified according to their locations.
A total of 282 pressure ulcers in 189 patients from database A and 232 pressure ulcers in 154 patients from database B were analyzed. It was found that pressure ulcers primarily developed over the sacrum. Ratio of stages III and IV pressure ulcers was high in pressure ulcers of the foot, ankle, and crus on the lower leg. Among the deep pressure ulcers, undermining formation was frequently observed on the greater trochanter, ilium, and sacrum. In contrast, pressure ulcers of the foot, ankle, and crus did not exhibit undermining formation.
Our results revealed marked differences in pressure ulcer properties depending on their location. Factors affecting depth and undermining of pressure ulcers appear to be related to anatomical and physical properties of the bone and subcutaneous tissue.
本研究旨在探讨压疮的特定部位特征，重点关注深度和潜行形成，这些通常是不利于溃疡愈合的因素。
我们对 2 个独立的压疮数据库进行了回顾性观察研究。该研究收集了来自 200 床医院（数据库 A）和 300 床医院（数据库 B）在不同时期的数据。分析了溃疡部位、溃疡深度和潜行形成之间的关系。所有压疮均根据其部位准确诊断和分类。
对来自数据库 A 的 189 名患者的 282 个压疮和来自数据库 B 的 154 名患者的 232 个压疮进行了分析。结果发现，压疮主要发生在骶骨部位。足部、踝部和小腿下部的足部、踝部和小腿压力溃疡中，III 期和 IV 期压力溃疡的比例较高。在深部压疮中，大转子、髂骨和骶骨经常出现潜行形成。相比之下，足部、踝部和小腿下部的压疮没有潜行形成。
我们的研究结果表明，压疮的特性因部位而异。影响压疮深度和潜行的因素似乎与骨骼和皮下组织的解剖和物理特性有关。
