Perspectives on HIV prevention: priorities for a new era.

The field of biomedical HIV prevention has undergone remarkable changes over the past 5 years. These advances have expanded conceptions of what should belong in the prevention "toolbox," particularly for infection via sexual exposure. New findings have also added complexity to previous theoretical discussions about plans for introduction and access to these interventions. Finally, scientific developments in biomedical prevention have activated a prevention-focused advocacy movement working at the grassroots, national, and global levels. This advocacy seeks to use existing tools to begin to end the AIDS epidemic while maintaining a prevention research agenda to develop additional tools to eventually end the epidemic.