Zhang Wenjing, Chen Jingqi, Feng Yanan, Li Jingyi, Zhao Xiaoxia, Luo Xiaoling
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
Child Abuse Negl. 2013 Sep;37(9):623-30. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.04.018. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
To examine the level of knowledge and skills related to prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA) in a sample of Chinese preschoolers in Beijing and to explore the associations between children's scores on the knowledge and skills and their parents' reports on the knowledge and communication with children about CSA prevention. One hundred and thirty-six preschoolers were interviewed by researchers using the Chinese versions of Personal Safety Questionnaire and the "What If" Situation Test, and one parent of each child was invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire regarding parental knowledge and parent-child communication about CSA prevention. Less than half children knew that strangers were not the only perpetrators and only 16% thought that children should report secret touching. In 3 inappropriate touching requests, less than 30% of the children were aware of using verbal response to definitely refuse the inappropriate touching and less than 20% of the children were aware of definitely removing themselves from the abusive situations. Parent-child communication about CSA and parental educational level were the significant factors for children's self-protection skills. Preschool children lack CSA prevention knowledge and related self-protection skills. Culturally relevant primary CSA prevention programs in China need to be developed and parental education should be a part of CSA prevention. Parents need to be informed about CSA knowledge concepts and need to be encouraged to communicate with their children about sexual abuse prevention.
为了调查北京地区中国学龄前儿童样本中与预防儿童性虐待（CSA）相关的知识和技能水平，并探讨儿童在这些知识和技能方面的得分与他们父母关于CSA预防知识及与孩子沟通情况报告之间的关联。研究人员使用中文版的《个人安全问卷》和“如果……会怎样”情景测试对136名学龄前儿童进行了访谈，并邀请每个孩子的一位家长填写一份关于父母对CSA预防知识及亲子沟通情况的匿名问卷。不到一半的孩子知道实施性虐待的人不只是陌生人，只有16%的孩子认为儿童应该报告秘密触摸行为。在3种不当触摸请求情景中，不到30%的孩子知道用言语回应明确拒绝不当触摸，不到20%的孩子知道要明确远离虐待情境。关于CSA的亲子沟通和父母教育水平是影响儿童自我保护技能的重要因素。学龄前儿童缺乏CSA预防知识和相关自我保护技能。中国需要开展与文化相关的初级CSA预防项目，且父母教育应成为CSA预防工作的一部分。需要让父母了解CSA知识概念，并鼓励他们与孩子就预防性虐待进行沟通。
