加拿大中东部地区注射吸毒者中注射吸食 Crack 的流行率和时间趋势。

Prevalence and temporal trends of crack injection among injection drug users in eastern central Canada.

机构信息

Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Chaire de Toxicomanie, Longueuil, Québec J4K 0A8, Canada; Agence de la Santé et des Services Sociaux de Montréal, Direction de Santé Publique, Montréal, Québec H2L 1M3, Canada; Institut National de Santé Publique, Montréal, Québec G1V 5B3, Canada.

出版信息

Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Nov 1;133(1):275-8. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.013. Epub 2013 Jun 12.

DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.013

PMID:23769158

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Little is known about crack injection and its temporal trends in North America. This article describes the extent of crack injection and examines temporal trends among injection drug users (IDUs) recruited from 2003 to 2010 in the SurvUDI network.

METHODS

IDUs who injected recently (past 6 months) were recruited in harm reduction and health programs in eastern central Canada. Trend analyses were performed using generalized estimating equations. Some IDUs participated multiple times; first interview was retained for the descriptive analyses, while first interview per year was retained for the trend analyses.

RESULTS

Of the 4088 IDUs recruited, 15.2% (621) reported crack injection; large variations across sites were noted (range: 0.3-39.5%). Trend analyses were limited to Ottawa (449 crack injectors) and Montréal (121). For Ottawa, a significant decline was observed, from 48.3% to 36.9%, with a prevalence ratio (PR) of 0.97 per year (95% CI: 0.94-0.99). For Montréal, a significant rise was observed, from 6.0% to 18.4%, with a PR of 1.29 per year (95% CI: 1.19-1.40).

CONCLUSIONS

Strong variations in crack injection exist throughout the SurvUDI network, and reversed temporal trends have been observed in Ottawa and Montréal. These data will be useful to local harm reduction programs to evaluate the need to distribute items required by crack injectors and to develop prevention messages.

摘要

背景

关于在北美地区可卡因注射及其时间趋势，我们知之甚少。本文描述了可卡因注射的程度，并考察了 2003 年至 2010 年期间在 SurvUDI 网络中招募的注射吸毒者（IDU）中的时间趋势。

方法

在加拿大中东部的减少伤害和健康计划中招募最近（过去 6 个月）注射过毒品的 IDU。使用广义估计方程进行趋势分析。一些 IDU 多次参与；首次访谈保留用于描述性分析，而每年的首次访谈保留用于趋势分析。

结果

在招募的 4088 名 IDU 中，15.2%（621 名）报告有可卡因注射史；各地点之间存在较大差异（范围：0.3-39.5%）。趋势分析仅限于渥太华（449 名可卡因注射者）和蒙特利尔（121 名）。在渥太华，可卡因注射的比例从 48.3%下降到 36.9%，流行率比（PR）为每年 0.97（95%CI：0.94-0.99）。在蒙特利尔，可卡因注射的比例从 6.0%上升到 18.4%，PR 为每年 1.29（95%CI：1.19-1.40）。