Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 410 Berryhill, CB 7530, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Disabil Health J. 2013 Jul;6(3):177-87. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2013.01.009. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
Allostatic Load (AL) is a measure of physiological stress that correlates with morbidity and mortality.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate patterns of AL among persons with each of eight categories of disability versus persons with no disabilities over the 10-year Healthy People 2010 examination period.
The study examined measures of AL from the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The independent variable was Disability Status (hearing, vision, memory, physical-mental-emotional, walking up 10 steps, bending or kneeling, lifting or carrying, assistive devices, no disability). Eight laboratory and one social AL dependent variables included blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), HDL cholesterol, number of friends, and neutrophil percentages. Weighted statistical analyses included one-way ANCOVA with age as the covariate and chi-square tests.
Among respondents, 2.3% had hearing disabilities; 14.0% vision disabilities, 4.6% memory disabilities; 1.5% physical, mental, emotional disabilities; 1.3%, 5.9%, and 3.5% various mobility disabilities; and 5.3% used assistive devices. Persons with disabilities had significantly higher BMI, lower HDL cholesterol, higher C-reactive protein, and higher neutrophil levels than persons without disabilities. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased during the decade, but BMI increased. A range of 36.2-61.0% of persons with non-hearing disabilities exceeded BMI obesity thresholds during 2009, and 13.8-29.9% had fewer than three friends during 2009.
These findings support previous research linking risks for secondary conditions/morbidity and allostatic load while demonstrating associations between disabilities and AL, especially for persons with mobility disabilities.
适应负荷（AL）是衡量生理压力的一种指标，与发病率和死亡率相关。
本研究旨在评估在 10 年健康人 2010 检查期间，与无残疾者相比，有八种残疾类别的人（听力、视力、记忆、身体-精神-情感、上 10 个台阶、弯腰或下跪、举起或携带、辅助设备、无残疾）的 AL 模式。
本研究检查了 2001-2010 年全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）中的 AL 措施。自变量是残疾状况（听力、视力、记忆、身体-精神-情感、上 10 个台阶、弯腰或下跪、举起或携带、辅助设备、无残疾）。八项实验室和一项社会 AL 依赖变量包括血压、体重指数（BMI）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、朋友数量和中性粒细胞百分比。加权统计分析包括协方差分析和卡方检验。
在受访者中，2.3%有听力残疾；14.0%有视力残疾，4.6%有记忆残疾；1.5%有身体、精神、情感残疾；1.3%、5.9%和 3.5%有各种行动障碍；5.3%使用辅助设备。与无残疾者相比，有残疾者的 BMI 更高，HDL 胆固醇更低，C 反应蛋白和中性粒细胞水平更高。在这十年中，收缩压和舒张压下降，但 BMI 增加。在 2009 年，非听力残疾者中 36.2-61.0%的人超过 BMI 肥胖阈值，而在 2009 年，有 13.8-29.9%的人朋友少于三个。
这些发现支持了先前将次级疾病/发病率和适应负荷风险联系起来的研究，同时也证明了残疾与 AL 之间的关联，尤其是对行动障碍者。
