Nagy Péter, Pálinkás Zoltán, Nagy Attila, Budai Barna, Tóth Imre, Vasas Anita
Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György utca 7-9, Budapest 1122, Hungary.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Feb;1840(2):876-91. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.05.037. Epub 2013 Jun 14.
Owing to recent discoveries of many hydrogen sulfide-mediated physiological processes, sulfide biology is in the focus of scientific research. However, the promiscuous chemical properties of sulfide pose complications for biological studies, which led to accumulation of controversial observations in the literature.
We intend to provide an overview of fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic features of sulfide redox- and coordination-chemical reactions and protonation equilibria in relation to its biological functions. In light of these chemical properties we review the strengths and limitations of the most commonly used sulfide detection methods and recently developed fluorescent probes. We also give a personal perspective on blood and tissue sulfide measurements based on proposed biomolecule-sulfide interactions and point out important chemical aspects of handling sulfide reagent solutions.
The diverse chemistries of sulfide detection methods resulted in orders of magnitude differences in measured physiological sulfide levels. Investigations that were aimed to dissect the underlying molecular reasons responsible for these controversies made the important recognition that there are large sulfide reserves in biological systems. These sulfide pools are tightly regulated in a dynamic manner and they are likely to play a major role in regulation of endogenous-sulfide-mediated biological functions and avoiding toxic side effects.
Working with sulfide is challenging, because it requires considerable amounts of chemical knowledge to adequately handle reagent sulfide solutions and interpret biological observations. Therefore, we propose that a rigorous chemical approach could aid the reconciliation of the increasing number of controversies in sulfide biology. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Current methods to study reactive oxygen species - pros and cons and biophysics of membrane proteins. Guest Editor: Christine Winterbourn.
由于近期发现了许多硫化氢介导的生理过程，硫化物生物学成为科学研究的焦点。然而，硫化物混杂的化学性质给生物学研究带来了复杂性，这导致文献中积累了有争议的观察结果。
我们旨在概述硫化物氧化还原和配位化学反应以及质子化平衡与其生物学功能相关的基本热力学和动力学特征。鉴于这些化学性质，我们回顾了最常用的硫化物检测方法和最近开发的荧光探针的优缺点。我们还基于所提出的生物分子 - 硫化物相互作用，对血液和组织中硫化物的测量给出个人观点，并指出处理硫化物试剂溶液的重要化学方面。
硫化物检测方法的多样化学性质导致所测生理硫化物水平存在数量级差异。旨在剖析这些争议背后潜在分子原因的研究重要地认识到生物系统中存在大量硫化物储备。这些硫化物池以动态方式受到严格调控，它们可能在调节内源性硫化物介导的生物学功能和避免毒性副作用方面发挥主要作用。
处理硫化物具有挑战性，因为充分处理试剂硫化物溶液并解释生物学观察结果需要相当多的化学知识。因此，我们提出严谨的化学方法有助于调和硫化物生物学中日益增多的争议。本文是名为“研究活性氧物种的当前方法 - 利弊与膜蛋白生物物理学”特刊的一部分。客座编辑：克里斯汀·温特伯恩。
