National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), MOA Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Sep;59:207-14. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.008. Epub 2013 Jun 15.
Quinocetone (QCT) and Cyadox (CYA) are important derivative of heterocyclic N-oxide quinoxaline (QdNO), used actively as antimicrobial feed additives in China. Here, we tested and compared the genotoxic potential of QCT and CYA with olaquindox (OLA) in Ames test, HGPRT gene mutation (HGM) test in V79 cells, unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay in human peripheral lymphocytes, chromosome aberration (CA) test, and micronucleus (MN) test in mice bone marrow. OLA was found genotoxic in all 5 assays. In Ames test, QCT produced His(+) mutants at 6.9 μg/plate in Salmonella typhimurium TA 97, at 18.2 μg/plate in TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537, and at 50 μg/plate in TA 98. CYA produced His(+) mutants at 18.2 μg/plate in TA 97, TA 1535, and at 50 μg/plate in TA 98, TA 100 and TA 1537. QCT was found positive in HGM and UDS assay at concentrations ≥10 μg/ml while negative results were reported in CA test and MN test. Collectively, we found that OLA was more genotoxic than QCT and CYA. Genotoxicity of QCT was found at higher concentration levels in Ames test, HGM and UDS assays while CYA showed weak mutagenic potential to bacterial cells in Ames test.
喹烯酮（QCT）和环丙沙星（CYA）是重要的杂环 N-氧化物喹喔啉（QdNO）衍生物，在中国被积极用作抗菌饲料添加剂。在这里，我们用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 TA97、TA100、TA1535、TA1537 和 TA98 检测了喹烯酮和环丙沙星的遗传毒性，并与奥拉喹多（OLA）在 Ames 试验、V79 细胞 HGPRT 基因突变（HGM）试验、人外周血淋巴细胞非程序 DNA 合成（UDS）试验、染色体畸变（CA）试验和小鼠骨髓微核（MN）试验中进行了比较。结果发现 OLA 在所有 5 种试验中均具有遗传毒性。在 Ames 试验中，喹烯酮在 TA97 中产生 His(+)突变体的浓度为 6.9 μg/平板，在 TA100、TA1535、TA1537 中为 18.2 μg/平板，在 TA98 中为 50 μg/平板。环丙沙星在 TA97、TA1535 和 TA98 中产生 His(+)突变体的浓度为 18.2 μg/平板，在 TA100 和 TA1537 中为 50 μg/平板。喹烯酮在 HGM 和 UDS 试验中浓度≥10 μg/ml 时呈阳性，而在 CA 试验和 MN 试验中结果为阴性。总的来说，我们发现 OLA 比喹烯酮和环丙沙星更具遗传毒性。喹烯酮在 Ames 试验、HGM 和 UDS 试验中的遗传毒性在较高浓度水平下被发现，而环丙沙星在 Ames 试验中对细菌细胞表现出较弱的诱变潜力。
