Hildreth E C, Grzywacz N M, Adelson E H, Inada V K
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.
Percept Psychophys. 1990 Jul;48(1):19-36. doi: 10.3758/bf03205008.
We present a set of psychophysical experiments that measure the accuracy of perceived three-dimensional (3-D) structure derived from relative motion in the changing two-dimensional image. The experiments are motivated in part by a computational model proposed by Ullman (1984), called the incremental rigidity scheme, in which an accurate 3-D structure is built up incrementally, by considering images of moving objects over an extended time period. Our main conclusions are: First, the human visual system can derive an accurate model of the relative depths of moving points, even in the presence of noise in their image positions; second, the accuracy of the 3-D model improves with time, eventually reaching a plateau; and third, the 3-D structure currently perceived appears to depend on previous 3-D models. Through computer simulations, we relate the results of our psychophysical experiments with the predictions of Ullman's model.
我们展示了一组心理物理学实验，这些实验测量了从变化的二维图像中的相对运动得出的感知三维（3-D）结构的准确性。这些实验部分受到Ullman（1984年）提出的一种计算模型的启发，该模型称为增量刚性方案，其中通过在较长时间段内考虑移动物体的图像，逐步建立准确的3-D结构。我们的主要结论是：第一，即使在图像位置存在噪声的情况下，人类视觉系统也可以得出移动点相对深度的准确模型；第二，3-D模型的准确性会随着时间提高，最终达到平稳状态；第三，当前感知到的3-D结构似乎取决于先前的3-D模型。通过计算机模拟，我们将心理物理学实验的结果与Ullman模型的预测联系起来。
