Kornetsky Rachel, Rock Meagan, Pokras Mark
School of Arts and Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02144, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2013 Jul;49(3):723-7. doi: 10.7589/2011-11-336.
In live animals, lead poisoning can be diagnosed by analyzing blood samples. For postmortem testing, blood samples are not available and analysis of liver or kidney is often used for diagnosis. Liver and kidney analysis is relatively expensive and results might not be quickly available. We examined an inexpensive, rapid method to screen animals for lead toxicosis postmortem by testing the mixture of body fluids (termed "tissue fluids") that pool in the body cavity at necropsy for lead. At necropsy we collected body fluid and liver samples from Common Loon (Gavia immer) and Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) carcasses and determined concentrations of lead in tissue fluid using a desk-top blood lead analyzer. Concentrations of lead in liver were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. There was strong correlation between tissue fluid and liver tissue lead concentrations, and receiver-operating characteristic analysis gave an area under the curve of 0.91, indicating that postmortem measurements of lead in tissue fluids can be utilized as a screening method for lead toxicosis.
在活体动物中，铅中毒可通过分析血液样本进行诊断。对于死后检测，无法获取血液样本，通常采用对肝脏或肾脏进行分析来诊断。肝脏和肾脏分析相对昂贵，且结果可能无法快速获得。我们研究了一种廉价、快速的方法，通过检测尸体剖检时在体腔中汇集的体液混合物（称为“组织液”）中的铅，来对死后动物进行铅中毒筛查。在尸体剖检时，我们从普通潜鸟（白嘴潜鸟）和白头海雕的尸体上采集了体液和肝脏样本，并使用台式血铅分析仪测定组织液中的铅浓度。肝脏中的铅浓度通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定。组织液和肝脏组织中的铅浓度之间存在很强的相关性，受试者工作特征分析得出曲线下面积为0.91，这表明死后对组织液中铅的测量可作为铅中毒的一种筛查方法。
