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眼球注视不仅由基数机制编码。

Eye gaze is not coded by cardinal mechanisms alone.

机构信息

School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Griffith Taylor Building, New South Wales 2006, Australia.

出版信息

Proc Biol Sci. 2013 Jun 19;280(1764):20131049. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.1049. Print 2013 Aug 7.

DOI:10.1098/rspb.2013.1049
PMID:23782886
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3712425/
Abstract

Gaze is an important social cue in regulating human and non-human interactions. In this study, we employed an adaptation paradigm to examine the mechanisms underlying the perception of another's gaze. Previous research has shown that the interleaved presentation of leftwards and rightwards gazing adaptor stimuli results in observers judging a wider range of gaze deviations as being direct. We applied a similar paradigm to examine how human observers encode oblique (e.g. upwards and to the left) directions of gaze. We presented observers with interleaved gaze adaptors and examined whether adaptation differed between congruent (adaptor and test along same axis) and incongruent conditions. We find greater adaptation in congruent conditions along cardinal (horizontal and vertical) and non-cardinal (oblique) directions suggesting gaze is not coded alone by cardinal mechanisms. Our results suggest that the functional aspects of gaze processing might parallel that of basic visual features such as orientation.

摘要

注视是调节人际和非人际互动的重要社会线索。在这项研究中,我们采用适应范式来研究感知他人注视的机制。先前的研究表明,交错呈现向左和向右注视的适应刺激会导致观察者判断更广泛的注视偏差为直接。我们应用类似的范式来研究人类观察者如何编码倾斜(例如向上和向左)的注视方向。我们向观察者呈现交错的注视适应刺激,并检查适应是否在一致(适应器和测试在同一轴线上)和不一致条件下有所不同。我们发现,在沿主方向(水平和垂直)和非主方向(倾斜)的一致条件下,适应度更大,这表明注视不是仅由主机制编码的。我们的结果表明,注视处理的功能方面可能与基本视觉特征(如方向)相似。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/a40931bf68b2/rspb20131049-g4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/95d4c4b22763/rspb20131049-g1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/e11a02004768/rspb20131049-g2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/8481b90cb8c4/rspb20131049-g3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/a40931bf68b2/rspb20131049-g4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/95d4c4b22763/rspb20131049-g1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/e11a02004768/rspb20131049-g2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/8481b90cb8c4/rspb20131049-g3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c19/3712425/a40931bf68b2/rspb20131049-g4.jpg

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引用本文的文献

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2
Adaptation to the Direction of Others' Gaze: A Review.对他人注视方向的适应:综述
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3
How wide is the cone of direct gaze?直接注视的圆锥体有多宽?

本文引用的文献

1
Reduced gaze aftereffects are related to difficulties categorising gaze direction in children with autism.目光后效减弱与自闭症儿童在分类目光方向时存在困难有关。
Neuropsychologia. 2013 Jul;51(8):1504-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.03.021. Epub 2013 Apr 11.
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Humans have an expectation that gaze is directed toward them.人类有一种期望,认为目光是朝向他们的。
Curr Biol. 2013 Apr 22;23(8):717-21. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.03.030. Epub 2013 Apr 4.
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When the world becomes 'too real': a Bayesian explanation of autistic perception.
R Soc Open Sci. 2018 Aug 1;5(8):180249. doi: 10.1098/rsos.180249. eCollection 2018 Aug.
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The development of fine-grained sensitivity to eye contact after 6 years of age.6 岁后对眼神接触的细微敏感性的发展。
J Exp Child Psychol. 2012 Jun;112(2):243-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2012.02.002. Epub 2012 Mar 13.
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Eye-contact perception in schizophrenia: relationship with symptoms and socioemotional functioning.精神分裂症的眼神接触感知:与症状和社会情感功能的关系。
J Abnorm Psychol. 2012 Aug;121(3):616-27. doi: 10.1037/a0026596. Epub 2012 Jan 16.
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Cardinal rules: visual orientation perception reflects knowledge of environmental statistics.首要规则:视觉方向知觉反映了对环境统计数据的了解。
Nat Neurosci. 2011 Jun 5;14(7):926-32. doi: 10.1038/nn.2831.
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Adaptation and visual coding.适应与视觉编码。
J Vis. 2011 May 20;11(5):10.1167/11.5.3 3. doi: 10.1167/11.5.3.
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Who is looking at me? The cone of gaze widens in social phobia.谁在看着我?社交恐惧症患者的注视锥变宽。
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Orientation uncertainty reduces perceived obliquity.方向不确定性会降低感知到的倾斜度。
Vision Res. 2010 Mar 5;50(5):541-7. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2009.12.005. Epub 2009 Dec 21.
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Neural bases of eye and gaze processing: the core of social cognition.眼睛与注视加工的神经基础:社会认知的核心
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