Shaw M J, Shaw L, Foster T D
Birmingham Dental Hospital, UK.
Community Dent Health. 1990 Jun;7(2):135-41.
The policies of normalisation and integration into the community of people with mental handicap have significant implications for dental care. Before dental services can be planned, the extent of the problem needs to be identified. A total of 382 people with mental handicap living in the community and attending day centres was examined; 52 of these people were edentulous. The mean age of the dentate adults was 30.9 years and the mean DMFT was 9.59. This was low in comparison with data available from national studies but when component parts of the DMF were evaluated it was apparent that far less restorative care had been received by the adults with mental handicap. There were also significant differences in the mean DMFT between mentally handicapped people who had additional handicaps; the mean DMFT for people with Down's syndrome was 10.95, whilst those mentally handicapped people who also had epilepsy had a mean DMFT of 11.19. The oral hygiene and periodontal condition was also poor and there were significant differences between the sub-groups. However, despite people with Down's syndrome having lower levels of plaque, they showed evidence of greater periodontal destruction. When resources are allocated, consideration should be given to raising the oral health of adults with mental handicap up to at least the same level as that of the rest of the population.
将智障人士融入社区并使其正常化的政策对牙科护理具有重大影响。在规划牙科服务之前，需要确定问题的严重程度。对总共382名居住在社区并参加日间护理中心的智障人士进行了检查；其中52人无牙。有牙的成年人平均年龄为30.9岁，平均龋失补指数（DMFT）为9.59。与全国性研究的数据相比，这一数值较低，但在评估龋失补（DMF）的各个组成部分时发现，智障成年人接受的修复性治疗明显较少。有其他残疾的智障人士在平均DMFT方面也存在显著差异；唐氏综合征患者的平均DMFT为10.95，而同时患有癫痫的智障人士平均DMFT为11.19。口腔卫生和牙周状况也很差，各亚组之间存在显著差异。然而，尽管唐氏综合征患者的牙菌斑水平较低，但他们显示出牙周破坏更严重的迹象。在分配资源时，应考虑将智障成年人的口腔健康提高到至少与其他人群相同的水平。
