Eisdorfer C
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1975 Feb;23(2):53-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1975.tb00383.x.
Psychotropic drugs are discussed under the descriptive categories of antipsychotic, antidepressive, antimanic, anti-anxiety, and cognitive acting. In the antipsychotic classification, special attention is given to side effects (extrapyramidal motor signs, tardive dyskinesias, akathisis) and to dosage for the elderly. The section on congenitive acting drugs includes some pertinent observations on cognitive ability in the aging, the importance of correct diagnosis, and therapeutic strategy. The aged are a population at risk for not only disease, but iatrongenic illness due to direct and indirect drug action. Rational therapy involves understanding the underlying dynamics of the disease and thus the selection of the most effective treatment. Psychotropic drugs in an appropriate program are valuable therapeutic assets.
精神药物按照抗精神病药、抗抑郁药、抗躁狂药、抗焦虑药和认知作用药物等描述性类别进行讨论。在抗精神病药分类中,特别关注副作用(锥体外系运动体征、迟发性运动障碍、静坐不能)以及老年人的用药剂量。认知作用药物部分包括了一些关于衰老过程中认知能力、正确诊断的重要性以及治疗策略的相关观察。老年人不仅面临疾病风险,还因药物的直接和间接作用而面临医源性疾病风险。合理治疗需要了解疾病的潜在动态,从而选择最有效的治疗方法。在适当的方案中使用精神药物是宝贵的治疗手段。