Shinozuka Kazutaka, Ono Haruka, Watanabe Shigeru
Department of Psychology, Keio University, Mita 2-15-45, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0073, Japan.
Behav Processes. 2013 Oct;99:26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2013.06.009. Epub 2013 Jun 21.
This paper investigated whether music has reinforcing and discriminative stimulus properties in goldfish. Experiment 1 examined the discriminative stimulus properties of music. The subjects were successfully trained to discriminate between two pieces of music--Toccata and Fugue in D minor (BWV 565) by J. S. Bach and The Rite of Spring by I. Stravinsky. Experiment 2 examined the reinforcing properties of sounds, including BWV 565 and The Rite of Spring. We developed an apparatus for measuring spontaneous sound preference in goldfish. Music or noise stimuli were presented depending on the subject's position in the aquarium, and the time spent in each area was measured. The results indicated that the goldfish did not show consistent preferences for music, although they showed significant avoidance of noise stimuli. These results suggest that music has discriminative but not reinforcing stimulus properties in goldfish.
本文研究了音乐在金鱼中是否具有强化和辨别性刺激特性。实验1检验了音乐的辨别性刺激特性。实验对象被成功训练以区分两首音乐——约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫的《D小调托卡塔与赋格》（BWV 565）和伊戈尔·斯特拉文斯基的《春之祭》。实验2检验了包括BWV 565和《春之祭》在内的声音的强化特性。我们开发了一种用于测量金鱼自发声音偏好的装置。根据金鱼在水族箱中的位置呈现音乐或噪音刺激，并测量其在每个区域停留的时间。结果表明，金鱼虽然对噪音刺激表现出明显的回避，但对音乐并没有一致的偏好。这些结果表明，音乐在金鱼中具有辨别性刺激特性，但不具有强化刺激特性。
