Grupo de Estudio de Mosquitos, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA-C ONICET, 4to piso, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
J Med Entomol. 2013 May;50(3):543-51. doi: 10.1603/me12211.
In temperate regions, the seasonal dynamics of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) is mainly influenced by temperature, whereas the probability of local extinction depends on the egg mortality during the cold season. The aim of the current study was to assess the importance of temperature and egg mortality in determining the differences in the oviposition dynamics of Ae. aegypti between favorable and less favorable areas in Buenos Aires City (Argentina). Year-round temperature dynamics were monitored, and oviposition dynamics were experimentally studied with ovitraps at two sites. Daily egg mortality values were calculated from a previous study performed at the same sites. The relative contribution of the differences in temperature and egg mortality between sites to the oviposition dynamics was assessed by means of a mathematical stochastic population dynamics model for Ae. aegypti. The results showed higher temperature and lower daily egg mortality at the site where higher oviposition activity was recorded. A larger influence of temperature than of egg mortality on population abundance during most of the activity season was detected in the results of the simulations. Our results showed a temperature gradient that relates to the distance to the Río de la Plata river and contributes to explaining the spatial heterogeneity in Ae. aegypti population abundances previously reported. The hypothesis of local extinctions because of egg mortality during the winter was not supported by the present analysis. The differences between field oviposition dynamics and simulation results suggest that rainfall might also be an important variable under extremely dry conditions.
在温带地区，埃及伊蚊（L.）（双翅目：蚊科）的季节性动态主要受温度影响，而局部灭绝的概率取决于冬季卵的死亡率。本研究的目的是评估温度和卵死亡率在确定布宜诺斯艾利斯市（阿根廷）有利和不利地区埃及伊蚊产卵动态差异中的重要性。全年监测温度动态，并在两个地点使用诱卵器进行产卵动态的实验研究。根据在同一地点进行的先前研究，计算了每日卵死亡率值。通过埃及伊蚊的数学随机种群动态模型，评估了站点间温度和卵死亡率差异对产卵动态的相对贡献。结果表明，在记录到更高产卵活动的地点，温度更高，每日卵死亡率更低。模拟结果显示，在活动季节的大部分时间内，温度对种群丰度的影响大于卵死亡率。我们的结果显示了与拉普拉塔河（Río de la Plata）距离相关的温度梯度，这有助于解释先前报道的埃及伊蚊种群丰度的空间异质性。由于冬季卵死亡率导致局部灭绝的假设在本分析中并未得到支持。田间产卵动态与模拟结果之间的差异表明，在极端干旱条件下，降雨量也可能是一个重要变量。
