Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Harima Science Garden City, Hyogo, Japan.
Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2013;304:467-93. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-407696-9.00009-9.
Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is one of the major plasma proteins; it has been isolated from the plasma of various mammals and chicken. HRG has a multidomain structure consisting of cystatin-like domains 1 and 2, Pro-rich domain 1, His-rich domain, Pro-rich domain 2, and C-terminal domain from its N-terminus. The ability to bind a wide range of ligands suggests the multivalent function of HRG in blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and innate immune systems. The local structure supports its binding capacities. Herein, the structural characteristics of HRG and its gene structure are described first. The functions of HRG in coagulation and fibrinolysis systems, the recently reported functions of HRG in angiogenesis, and HRG's antibacterial effect are described next. The activities of HRG in immune response are also reviewed.
组氨酸丰富糖蛋白（HRG）是主要的血浆蛋白之一；它已从各种哺乳动物和鸡的血浆中分离出来。HRG 具有由胱抑素样结构域 1 和 2、富含脯氨酸结构域 1、富含组氨酸结构域、富含脯氨酸结构域 2 和 C 末端结构域组成的多维结构，其 N 末端。结合广泛配体的能力表明 HRG 在血液凝固、纤维蛋白溶解和先天免疫系统中的多价功能。局部结构支持其结合能力。本文首先描述了 HRG 的结构特征及其基因结构。接下来描述了 HRG 在凝血和纤维蛋白溶解系统中的功能、最近报道的 HRG 在血管生成中的功能以及 HRG 的抗菌作用。还回顾了 HRG 在免疫反应中的活性。
